The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) fuel economy estimates for automobile models tested recently predicted a mean of 25.8 miles per gallon, with a standard deviation of 5.2 miles per gallon. Assume that a Normal model applies. Find the probability that a randomly selected automobile will average: 1. Less than 21 miles per gallon. 2. More than 15 miles per gallon. 3. Between 24 and 30 miles per gallon.
Continuous Probability Distributions
Probability distributions are of two types, which are continuous probability distributions and discrete probability distributions. A continuous probability distribution contains an infinite number of values. For example, if time is infinite: you could count from 0 to a trillion seconds, billion seconds, so on indefinitely. A discrete probability distribution consists of only a countable set of possible values.
Normal Distribution
Suppose we had to design a bathroom weighing scale, how would we decide what should be the range of the weighing machine? Would we take the highest recorded human weight in history and use that as the upper limit for our weighing scale? This may not be a great idea as the sensitivity of the scale would get reduced if the range is too large. At the same time, if we keep the upper limit too low, it may not be usable for a large percentage of the population!
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