The energy band diagram of a p-type semiconductor bar of length L under equilibrium condition (i.e, the Fermi energy level Ef is constant) is shown in the figure. The valence band E, is sloped since doping is non-uniform along the bar. The difference between the energy levels of the valence band at the two edges of the bar is A. p-type Ef

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Q: Question 3 a) The Fermi level of a solid-state body is the thermodynamic work required to add one…

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Q: ol1.) For the circuit below, assume a forward diode drop of V, =0.7V . Determine the total output…

A: a Vin h) = 2+0.05 sin wt    If only D voltage is applied    VinDC=2 Now calculate AC resistance…

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A: Breakdown voltage: Vz​ ≥ 60 VForward-bias current: I = 50 mAApplied voltage: V = 0.625 VMinority…

Q: 10 kQ VBIAS 8.0 V

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Q: Capacitance per unit area at no reverse bias is two pF/cm². For a step graded diode of area 5cm²,…

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Q: a) b) c) Provide an example each for a trivalent and pentavalent element. Describe the doping…

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Electrical Heating Unit

The conversion of electrical energy to heat energy is known as electric heating. The heating system that converts the electrical energy to heat energy for various application is called electrical heating unit. Electricity is employed as the firing mechanism in electric heating systems, which transforms electric current to heat. Electric heaters have heating elements in the form of electric resistors.