Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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15
![**Question:**
The electron configuration of a cobalt(III) ion is
**Options:**
1. ( ) [Ar]3d⁶
2. ( ) [Ar]4s²3d⁹
3. ( ) [Ar]3d⁵
4. ( ) [Ar]4s¹3d⁵
5. ( ) [Ar]4s²3d⁴
**Explanation:**
To determine the correct electron configuration for a cobalt(III) ion (Co³⁺), we need to understand its atomic electron configuration and how electrons are removed to form the ion.
- The neutral cobalt (Co) atom has the atomic number 27 and an electron configuration of [Ar] 4s² 3d⁷.
- When cobalt forms a Co³⁺ ion, it loses three electrons.
- Electrons are removed first from the 4s orbital and then from the 3d orbitals.
Given this information:
1. **[Ar]3d⁶**: Incorrect because it does not account for the removal of electrons from the 4s orbital.
2. **[Ar]4s²3d⁹**: Incorrect because it shows additional electrons rather than removal.
3. **[Ar]3d⁵**: Incorrect because it represents the removal of too many electrons.
4. **[Ar]4s¹3d⁵**: Incorrect because only one electron should be removed from the 4s orbital.
5. **[Ar]4s²3d⁴**: Incorrect because it does not correctly follow the removal order (4s first).
Therefore, the correct electron configuration of a cobalt(III) ion is **[Ar]3d⁶** (after removing 2 electrons from 4s² and 1 electron from 3d⁷).](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F51fbf4ed-5c5f-43a8-97a7-ef5f8ff66374%2Faf760b83-166c-4e7e-b9d6-2da7113dd358%2F1hn9g48_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Question:**
The electron configuration of a cobalt(III) ion is
**Options:**
1. ( ) [Ar]3d⁶
2. ( ) [Ar]4s²3d⁹
3. ( ) [Ar]3d⁵
4. ( ) [Ar]4s¹3d⁵
5. ( ) [Ar]4s²3d⁴
**Explanation:**
To determine the correct electron configuration for a cobalt(III) ion (Co³⁺), we need to understand its atomic electron configuration and how electrons are removed to form the ion.
- The neutral cobalt (Co) atom has the atomic number 27 and an electron configuration of [Ar] 4s² 3d⁷.
- When cobalt forms a Co³⁺ ion, it loses three electrons.
- Electrons are removed first from the 4s orbital and then from the 3d orbitals.
Given this information:
1. **[Ar]3d⁶**: Incorrect because it does not account for the removal of electrons from the 4s orbital.
2. **[Ar]4s²3d⁹**: Incorrect because it shows additional electrons rather than removal.
3. **[Ar]3d⁵**: Incorrect because it represents the removal of too many electrons.
4. **[Ar]4s¹3d⁵**: Incorrect because only one electron should be removed from the 4s orbital.
5. **[Ar]4s²3d⁴**: Incorrect because it does not correctly follow the removal order (4s first).
Therefore, the correct electron configuration of a cobalt(III) ion is **[Ar]3d⁶** (after removing 2 electrons from 4s² and 1 electron from 3d⁷).
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