The diameters D & d piped, Venturi- meter like horizontal water flow sistem seen in the drawing is connected to a piston - cylinder system of DPⓇ piston and dp rod diameter and connected to the incoming flow pipe and the cont- racted cross section. 6 Assuming that the ideal - no head loss flow conditions are valid; Calculate the force F applied to the pis- ton when the average velocity and the pressure at the entrance cross-section is V and p' respectively. Op* D dp # V p = 4,5 [bar] FD 1 dº P Horizon Setup V = 5 [m/s

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Metrology of surface finish

In general terms, the application of scientific principles in the study of measurements is known as metrology. When speaking about measurement, it could be of time, length, microstructures, grain structures, internal crystal discontinuities, surface roughness, measurements of angles, height, width, and so on. While coming to the domain of mechanical engineering, metrology is considered the science of measurements of surface finish, length, surface texture, and angles.