The data set Pain contains hypothetical data for a clinical trial of a drug therapy to control pain. The clinical trial investigates whether adverse responses increase with larger drug doses. Subjects receive either a placebo or one of four drug doses (1, 2, 3, or 4 units). An adverse response is recorded as Adverse = 'Yes'; otherwise, it is recorded as Adverse = 'No'. The number of subjects for each drug dose and response combination is contained in the variable Count. (a) Construct a contingency table that corresponds to the data set created above. What type of variable is Dose?(B) Compute the sample proportions of adverse responses at each dose level. Do you observe any trend in the proportion of adverse responses with respect to dose level?(C) Conduct a Cochran-Armitage trend test at the 5% significance level to address the interests of the trial. This dataset captures information regarding the administration of differing doses and their corresponding adverse effects. The data structure is set up for analysis using SAS (Statistical Analysis System). ### Data Description:Below is the dataset provided:```sasdata Pain;input Dose Adverse $ Count @@;cards;0 Yes 6 0 No 261 Yes 7 1 No 262 Yes 9 2 No 233 Yes 14 3 No 184 Yes 23 4 No 9;run;```### Explanation:- **data Pain;** This line initiates a new dataset called "Pain".- **input Dose Adverse $ Count @@;** Defines the structure of the input data. - **Dose**: The dose level administered. - **Adverse $**: A character variable indicating whether an adverse effect was observed ("Yes" or "No"). - **Count**: The number of occurrences for each combination of Dose and Adverse.- **cards;** This indicates that the following lines contain the raw data.### Dataset Content:The actual data entries are listed below:| Dose | Adverse | Count ||------|---------|-------|| 0 | Yes | 6 || 0 | No | 26 || 1 | Yes | 7 || 1 | No | 26 || 2 | Yes | 9 || 2 | No | 23 || 3 | Yes | 14 || 3 | No | 18 || 4 | Yes | 23 || 4 | No | 9 |- **Dose 0:** 6 times adverse effect observed, 26 times no adverse effect.- **Dose 1:** 7 times adverse effect observed, 26 times no adverse effect.- **Dose 2:** 9 times adverse effect observed, 23 times no adverse effect.- **Dose 3:** 14 times adverse effect observed, 18 times no adverse effect.- **Dose 4:** 23 times adverse effect observed, 9 times no adverse effect.### Conclusion:This dataset can be further analyzed to study the relationship between the dosage levels and the frequency of adverse effects. The

0Yes60No261Yes71No262Yes92No233Yes143No184Yes234No9

Answered: The data set Pain contains hypothetical…

Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897, 0079039898, 2018

18th Edition

ISBN:9780079039897

Author:Carter

Publisher:Carter

Chapter10: Statistics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 25SGR

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The data set Pain contains hypothetical data for a clinical trial of a drug therapy to control pain. The clinical trial investigates whether adverse responses increase with larger drug doses. Subjects receive either a placebo or one of four drug doses (1, 2, 3, or 4 units). An adverse response is recorded as Adverse = 'Yes'; otherwise, it is recorded as Adverse = 'No'. The number of subjects for each drug dose and response combination is contained in the variable Count. (a) Construct a contingency table that corresponds to the data set created above. What type of variable is Dose? (B) Compute the sample proportions of adverse responses at each dose level. Do you observe any trend in the proportion of adverse responses with respect to dose level? (C) Conduct a Cochran-Armitage trend test at the 5% significance level to address the interests of the trial.