The current price of a stock is $22, and at the end of one year its price will be either $29 or $15. The annual risk-free rate is 3%, based on daily compounding. A 1-year call option on the stock, with an exercise price of $22, is available. Based on the binominal model, what is the option's value?

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Present Value

Present value (PV) is defined as the current or present value of all future sums of cash flow or money at a specified rate of return. This rate of return is known as the discounted rate, which is essentially the interest rate, discounted over some time. The expected cash flows are discounted at a discount rate to compute the present value. The higher the discount rate, the higher the future value (FV), but the lower the present value.