The concept of uniformitarianism, articulated by James Hutton in the late 1700s, states that O the genetic code is similar among all living and extinct species mutations accumulate at a constant rate in most organisms current geological processes on Earth operate in the same manner as those that operated in the past the rate of extinction has been constant throughout the time life has existed on Earth

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Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.