The comparative statements of Pharoah Company are presented here: Pharoah Company Income Statements For the Years Ended December 31 2020 2019 Net sales $1,898,740 $1,758,700 Cost of goods sold 1,066,740 1,014,200 Gross profit 832,000 744,500 Selling and administrative expenses 508,200 487,200 Income from operations 323,800 257,300 Other expenses and losses Interest expense 23,400 21,400 Income before income taxes 300,400 235,900 Income tax expense 93,400 74,400 Net income $207,000 $161,500 Pharoah Company Balance Sheets December 31 Assets 2020 2019 Current assets Cash $60,100 $64,200 Debt investments (short-term) 74,000 50,000 Accounts receivable 126,000 111,000 Inventory 127,400 116,900 Total current assets 387,500 342,100 Plant assets (net) 663,000 534,300 Total assets $1,050,500 $876,400 Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity Current liabilities Accounts payable $168,200 $153,600 Income taxes payable 44,900 43,400 Total current liabilities 213,100 197,000 Bonds payable 234,000 214,000 Total liabilities 447,100 411,000 Stockholders’ equity Common stock ($5 par) 290,000 300,000 Retained earnings 313,400 165,400 Total stockholders’ equity 603,400 465,400 Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $1,050,500 $876,400 All sales were on account. Net cash provided by operating activities for 2020 was $243,000. Capital expenditures were $137,000, and cash dividends were $59,000. Compute the following ratios for 2020. (Round free cash flow to 0 decimal places, e.g. 5,275 and all other answers to 2 decimal places, e.g. 1.83 or 1.83%. Use 365 days for calculation.) (d) Current ratio enter Current ratio rounded to 2 decimal places :1 (e) Accounts receivable turnover enter Accounts receivable turnover in times rounded to 2 decimal places times (f) Average collection period enter Average collection period in days rounded to 2 decimal places days (g) Inventory turnover enter Inventory turnover in times rounded to 2 decimal places times (h) Days in inventory enter Days in inventory rounded to 2 decimal places days (i) Times interest earned enter Times interest earned rounded to 2 decimal places times (j) Asset turnover enter Asset turnover in times rounded to 2 decimal places times (k) Debt to assets ratio enter percentages rounded to 2 decimal places % (l) Free cash flow $enter a dollar amount rounded to 0 decimal places
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
The comparative statements of Pharoah Company are presented here:
|
Pharoah Company
Income Statements For the Years Ended December 31 |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2020
|
2019
|
|||
|
Net sales
|
$1,898,740
|
$1,758,700
|
||
|
Cost of goods sold
|
1,066,740
|
1,014,200
|
||
|
Gross profit
|
832,000
|
744,500
|
||
|
Selling and administrative expenses
|
508,200
|
487,200
|
||
|
Income from operations
|
323,800
|
257,300
|
||
|
Other expenses and losses
|
||||
|
Interest expense
|
23,400
|
21,400
|
||
|
Income before income taxes
|
300,400
|
235,900
|
||
|
Income tax expense
|
93,400
|
74,400
|
||
|
Net income
|
$207,000
|
$161,500
|
|
Pharoah Company
Balance Sheets December 31 |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Assets
|
2020
|
2019
|
||
|
Current assets
|
||||
|
Cash
|
$60,100
|
$64,200
|
||
|
Debt investments (short-term)
|
74,000
|
50,000
|
||
|
|
126,000
|
111,000
|
||
|
Inventory
|
127,400
|
116,900
|
||
|
Total current assets
|
387,500
|
342,100
|
||
|
Plant assets (net)
|
663,000
|
534,300
|
||
|
Total assets
|
$1,050,500
|
$876,400
|
||
|
Liabilities and
|
||||
|
Current liabilities
|
||||
|
Accounts payable
|
$168,200
|
$153,600
|
||
|
Income taxes payable
|
44,900
|
43,400
|
||
|
Total current liabilities
|
213,100
|
197,000
|
||
|
Bonds payable
|
234,000
|
214,000
|
||
|
Total liabilities
|
447,100
|
411,000
|
||
|
Stockholders’ equity
|
||||
|
Common stock ($5 par)
|
290,000
|
300,000
|
||
|
|
313,400
|
165,400
|
||
|
Total stockholders’ equity
|
603,400
|
465,400
|
||
|
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
|
$1,050,500
|
$876,400
|
All sales were on account. Net cash provided by operating activities for 2020 was $243,000. Capital expenditures were $137,000, and cash dividends were $59,000.
Compute the following ratios for 2020. (Round
|
(d)
|
|
enter Current ratio rounded to 2 decimal places
|
:1 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
(e)
|
Accounts receivable turnover
|
enter Accounts receivable turnover in times rounded to 2 decimal places
|
times | ||
|
(f)
|
Average collection period
|
enter Average collection period in days rounded to 2 decimal places
|
days | ||
|
(g)
|
Inventory turnover
|
enter Inventory turnover in times rounded to 2 decimal places
|
times | ||
|
(h)
|
Days in inventory
|
enter Days in inventory rounded to 2 decimal places
|
days | ||
|
(i)
|
Times interest earned
|
enter Times interest earned rounded to 2 decimal places
|
times | ||
|
(j)
|
Asset turnover
|
enter Asset turnover in times rounded to 2 decimal places
|
times | ||
|
(k)
|
Debt to assets ratio
|
enter percentages rounded to 2 decimal places
|
% | ||
|
(l)
|
Free cash flow
|
$enter a dollar amount rounded to 0 decimal places
|
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