The common tangent AB of a compound curve makes an angle with the tangents of the compound curve of 28° and 36° respectively. The stationing of V is 12+434.63. The degree of the first and second curve are 5.6° and 3.6° respectively. It is desired to substitute a simple curve that shall be tangent on the two tangent lines as well as the common tangent. Determine the following: ma) Radius of the simple curve b) stationing of new PC c) stationing of new PT

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Instruments for Surveying

Surveying is the practice that determines the relative three-dimensional positions of many different points on the earth’s surface. There are various instruments used in Surveying like Theodolites, Total station, Tripod stands, Plane table, etc. for measuring horizontal angle, vertical and sloping angle, which are very useful for giving accurate and precise measurement.