The breakdown of the $2,775,000 cost follows: Salaries: Sales manager Salespersons Travel and entertainment $ 115,625 693,750 462, 500 1,503,125 $ 2,775,000 Advertising Total "Super," replied Karl. "And I noticed that the $2,775,000 equals what we're paylng the agents under the old 15% commission rate." "It's even better than that," explained Barbara. "We can actually save $85,100 a year because that's what we're paying our auditors to check out the agents' reports. So our overall administrative expenses would be less." "Pull all of these numbers together and we'll show them to the executive committee tomorrow," sald Karl. "With the approval of the committee, we can move on the matter Immediately." Requlred: 1. Compute Pittman Company's break-even polnt in dollar sales for next year assuming: a. The agents' commission rate remalns unchanged at 15%. b. The agents' commisslon rate is Increased to 20%. c. The company employs Its own sales force. 2. Assume that Pittman Company decides to continue selling through agents and pays the 20% commission rate. Determine the dollar sales that would be required to generate the same net Income as contained in the budgeted Income statement for next year. 3. Determine the dollar sales at which net Income would be equal regardless of whether Pittman Company sells through agents (at a 20% commission rate) or employs its own sales force.
Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis
Cost Volume Profit (CVP) analysis is a cost accounting method that analyses the effect of fluctuating cost and volume on the operating profit. Also known as break-even analysis, CVP determines the break-even point for varying volumes of sales and cost structures. This information helps the managers make economic decisions on a short-term basis. CVP analysis is based on many assumptions. Sales price, variable costs, and fixed costs per unit are assumed to be constant. The analysis also assumes that all units produced are sold and costs get impacted due to changes in activities. All costs incurred by the company like administrative, manufacturing, and selling costs are identified as either fixed or variable.
Marginal Costing
Marginal cost is defined as the change in the total cost which takes place when one additional unit of a product is manufactured. The marginal cost is influenced only by the variations which generally occur in the variable costs because the fixed costs remain the same irrespective of the output produced. The concept of marginal cost is used for product pricing when the customers want the lowest possible price for a certain number of orders. There is no accounting entry for marginal cost and it is only used by the management for taking effective decisions.
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