Simple harmonic motion
Simple harmonic motion is a type of periodic motion in which an object undergoes oscillatory motion. The restoring force exerted by the object exhibiting SHM is proportional to the displacement from the equilibrium position. The force is directed towards the mean position. We see many examples of SHM around us, common ones are the motion of a pendulum, spring and vibration of strings in musical instruments, and so on.
Simple Pendulum
A simple pendulum comprises a heavy mass (called bob) attached to one end of the weightless and flexible string.
Oscillation
In Physics, oscillation means a repetitive motion that happens in a variation with respect to time. There is usually a central value, where the object would be at rest. Additionally, there are two or more positions between which the repetitive motion takes place. In mathematics, oscillations can also be described as vibrations. The most common examples of oscillation that is seen in daily lives include the alternating current (AC) or the motion of a moving pendulum.
The block is at rest as shown. What is the peiod of the oscillation if the block is pulled down by 10 cm, in seconds? Use g = 10 m/s2.
Your answer needs to have 2 significant figures, including the negative sign in your answer if needed. Do not include the positive sign if the answer is positive. No unit is needed in your answer, it is already given in the question statement.
![This image depicts a physics setup for studying Hooke's Law, demonstrating the relationship between force and the extension of a spring.
**Diagram Explanation:**
1. **Spring Setup:**
- The spring is attached to a fixed support at the top.
- A mass of 100 grams is suspended at the bottom of the spring, causing it to stretch due to gravitational force.
2. **Ruler Measurement:**
- A vertical ruler is placed next to the spring to measure its extension.
- The ruler is marked in centimeters, ranging from 0 cm at the top to 100 cm at the bottom.
- The initial unstretched length of the spring appears to align with the 50 cm mark on the ruler.
3. **Lines of Reference:**
- A blue dashed line represents the original position of the spring before the mass was added, aligning with the 50 cm mark.
- A green dashed line indicates the new equilibrium position of the spring after adding the 100 g mass, aligning with approximately the 78 cm mark.
Through this setup, students can observe how adding weight to the spring affects its extension, illustrating Hooke's Law, which states that the force exerted by a spring is directly proportional to its extension from the equilibrium position, \( F = kx \), where \( k \) is the spring constant and \( x \) is the displacement.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F3ffef1a2-ede1-4296-9e15-1b7b35b5bbdc%2Ff1bebc77-1223-40ed-b7c1-01121305f659%2Fa3a07ee_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
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