Computer science 2.2Refer to the Back-off mechanism in TCP which we used as a simple example to illustrateinteraction between two players in non-cooperative Game Theory. Let the Table below illustratethe Payoff to two players A and B, under conditions that they follow the mechanism (termed C)and deliberately bypass the mechanism (D). Note that the first element of the tuple in each cellof the table denotes payoff to A, the other to B, and each of a, b, c & d are positive numbers.Under what conditions will player A always decide to play option D and player B always C?Player Aoptionsa)b)c)d)C.DPlayer B→options(c

Given :-In the above given question, a backoff mechanism in TCP is mention below as,

Answered: the Back-off mechanism in TCP which

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Computer Science

the Back-off mechanism in TCP which

Operations Research : Applications and Algorithms

4th Edition

ISBN:9780534380588

Author:Wayne L. Winston

Publisher:Wayne L. Winston

Chapter18: Deterministic Dynamic Programming

Section18.4: Resource-allocation Problems

Problem 3P

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Part(a): What is a Deadlock? How it is detected? What are the necessary conditions for a deadlock to occur? Part(b): Suppose there are two resources available and the initial value of semaphore is set to 3.Consider a situation where P() and V() functions are called as follows. P(), P(), V(), V(), P(), P(), V(), P(), P(), V(), P(),P(),P(),V() Answer the following: 1. How many processes are sleeping on P ()?What is the value of semaphore? 2. How may processes have successfully completed their execution? 3. How many resources are available?
As discussed in Class 05, cryptography is the area of mathematics intended for the study of techniques and principles for transforming information from its original form to another, unintelligible form, so that it can be used only when authorized. According to the definition of encryption, carefully analyze the following situation presented below: For the transmission of encrypted messages between two points A and B, A generates a private key and forwards it to B, A encrypts the message using this same private key and sends this message to B, upon receiving the message, B decrypts the message with the same private key. Regarding the situation presented above, mark the alternative that corresponds to the encryption mode used. A) Cryptographic Abstract;B) Asymmetrical;C) Digital Certification;D) Symmetrical;E) Digital Signature.
6. Give the truth value of each of the following wffs in the interpretation where the domain consists of people, M(x, y) is "x is the mother of y", F(x) is "x is female", M(x) is "x is male." a. (Vx)(y)M(y,x) b. (x)(y)(M(y,x) → M(y)) 7. Which of the following sentences are equivalent to the statement Cats are smarter than dogs. a. Some cats are smarter than some dogs. b. There is a cat that is smarter than all dogs. c. All cats are smarter than all dogs. d. Only cats are smarter than dogs. e. All cats are smarter than any dog. 8. Using the predicate symbols shown and appropriate quantifiers, write each English language statement as a predicate wff. (The domain is the whole world.) B(x): x is a ball R(x): x is round S(x): x is a soccer ball All soccer balls are round. a. b. Some balls are round but soccer balls are not.
1. Let (01, 02, 03,..., 026!} be the set of permutations of the alphabet A = {A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z}, and consider the simple substitution cryptosystem with ok = A B C D E F G H I J K L M X MTAK ZQB NO LES N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z IF G R V JH CY UDP W and key k. (a) Compute C = e(AUBUR NUNIV ERSIT YATMO NTGOM ERY, k). (b) Compute M = d(NIZFV SXHNF IHBKF VPXIA KIHVF GP, k).
In this problem, let REF(x.i) → DEF(x.k) denote that the linker willassociate an arbitrary reference to symbol x in module i to thedefinition of x in module k . For each example below, use thisnotation to indicate how the linker would resolve references to themultiply-defined symbol in each module. If there is a link-time error(rule 1), write " ERROR ". If the linker arbitrarily chooses one of thedefinitions (rule 3), write " UNKNOWN ".A./* Module 1 */ /* Module 2 */int main() static int main=1[{ int p2()} {}(a) REF(main.1) → DEF(_____._____)(b) REF(main.2) → DEF(_____._____)B./* Module 1 */ /* Module 2 */int x; double x;void main() int p2(){ {} }(a) REF(x.1) → DEF(_____._____)(b) REF(x.2) → DEF(_____._____)C./* Module 1 */ /* Module 2 */int x=1; double x=1.0;void main() int p2(){ {} }(a) REF(x.1) → DEF(_____._____)(b) REF(x.2) → DEF(_____._____)
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In this problem, let REF(x.i) → DEF(x.k) denote that the linkerwill associate an arbitrary reference to symbol x in module ito the definition of x in module k . For each example thatfollows, use this notation to indicate how the linker wouldresolve references to the multiply-defined symbol in eachmodule. If there is a link-time error (rule 1), write "ERROR". If thelinker arbitrarily chooses one of the definitions (rule 3), write"UNKNOWN".A. /* Module 1 */ /* Module 2 */int main() int main;{ int p2()} {} (a) REF(main.1) → DEF(_____._____)(b) REF(main.2) → DEF(_____._____) B. /* Module 1 */ /* Module 2 */void main() int main = 1;{ int p2()} {}(a) REF(main.1) → DEF(_____._____)(b) REF(main.2) → DEF(_____._____)C. /* Module 1 */ /* Module 2 */intx; doublex=1.0;void main() int p2(){ {} }(a) REF(x.1) → DEF(_____._____)(b) REF(x.2)…
Consider a voting system with 3 candidates C1,C2,C3, and 5 voters V1,V2,V3,V4,V5. The votes will be casted as cipher texts using Paillier PKC. Implement a voting scheme that uses additive homomorphic property of Paillier. (Suppose voter J votes for candidate I using the equation vote(J)= J mod 3.) Show all the steps and the final tally.
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Give the truth value of each of the following wffs in the interpretation where the domain consists of people, M(x, y) is “x is the mother of y", F(x) is "x is female", M(x) is "x is male." a. (Vx)Ey)(M(y, x)) b. (Ix)(Vy)(M(x, y)) с. (Уx)()(M(х, у) —> М()) d. (3x)Ay)(M(x, y) A M(y)) e. Gx)(Vy)(M(x, y) → F(y))