The average final exam score for the statistics course is 78%. A professor wants to see if the average final exam score for students who are given colored pens on the first day of class is lower. The final exam scores for the 12 randomly selected students who were given the colored pens are shown below. Assume that the distribution of the population is normal. 87, 61, 89, 54, 69, 60, 54, 70, 68, 54, 84, 81 What can be concluded at the the ax = 0.05 level of significance level of significance? a. For this study, we should use t-test for a population mean b. The null and alternative hypotheses would be: Hou Select an answer H₁: Select an answer c. The test statistic ? d. The p-value = a e. The p-value is ? v f. Based on this, we should g. Thus, the final conclusion is that ... = (please show your answer to 3 decimal places.) (Please show your answer to 4 decimal places.) Select an answer the null hypothesis. The data suggest the population mean is not significantly lower than 78 at a = 0.05, so there is statistically insignificant evidence to conclude that the population mean final exam score for students who are given colored pens at the beginning of class is equal to 78. O The data suggest the populaton mean is significantly lower than 78 at x = 0.05, so there is statistically significant evidence to conclude that the population mean final exam score for students who are given colored pens at the beginning of class is lower than 78. O The data suggest that the population mean final exam score for students who are given colored pens at the beginning of class is not significantly lower than 78 at a = 0.05, so there is statistically insignificant evidence to conclude that the population mean final exam score for students who are given colored pens at the beginning of class is lower than 78.

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
6th Edition
ISBN:9781119256830
Author:Amos Gilat
Publisher:Amos Gilat
Chapter1: Starting With Matlab
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
Question

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The image presents a problem related to hypothesis testing in statistics. The scenario involves determining if the average final exam score for students who received colored pens on the first day of class is lower than the standard average score of 78%. A sample of 12 students has the following scores: 87, 61, 89, 54, 69, 60, 54, 70, 68, 54, 84, 81.

The task is to draw conclusions from this data using a significance level (α) of 0.05. 

Here is a breakdown of the tasks and selections needed:

a. Statistical Method:
   - **t-test for a population mean** is selected as the appropriate test for the study.

b. Hypotheses:
   - Null Hypothesis \( (H_0) \): Population mean equals 78.
   - Alternative Hypothesis \( (H_1) \): Population mean is less than 78.

c. Test Statistic:
   - Calculate and provide the test statistic to three decimal places.

d. P-value:
   - Calculate and provide the p-value to four decimal places.

e. Decision Rule:
   - Compare the p-value to α (0.05) to determine whether to reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis.

f. Conclusion:
   - Possible conclusions are provided, requiring selection based on the analysis:
     1. There is no significant evidence that the population mean is lower than 78.
     2. There is significant evidence supporting the population mean being lower than 78.
     3. There is insufficient evidence to conclude the mean score is lower than 78 compared to those given colored pens.

This outlines the process for carrying out hypothesis testing, covering statistical method selection, hypothesis formulation, computation, and conclusion based on the significance level.
Transcribed Image Text:The image presents a problem related to hypothesis testing in statistics. The scenario involves determining if the average final exam score for students who received colored pens on the first day of class is lower than the standard average score of 78%. A sample of 12 students has the following scores: 87, 61, 89, 54, 69, 60, 54, 70, 68, 54, 84, 81. The task is to draw conclusions from this data using a significance level (α) of 0.05. Here is a breakdown of the tasks and selections needed: a. Statistical Method: - **t-test for a population mean** is selected as the appropriate test for the study. b. Hypotheses: - Null Hypothesis \( (H_0) \): Population mean equals 78. - Alternative Hypothesis \( (H_1) \): Population mean is less than 78. c. Test Statistic: - Calculate and provide the test statistic to three decimal places. d. P-value: - Calculate and provide the p-value to four decimal places. e. Decision Rule: - Compare the p-value to α (0.05) to determine whether to reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis. f. Conclusion: - Possible conclusions are provided, requiring selection based on the analysis: 1. There is no significant evidence that the population mean is lower than 78. 2. There is significant evidence supporting the population mean being lower than 78. 3. There is insufficient evidence to conclude the mean score is lower than 78 compared to those given colored pens. This outlines the process for carrying out hypothesis testing, covering statistical method selection, hypothesis formulation, computation, and conclusion based on the significance level.
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