The area between the Lorenz curve of a country and the diagonal of perfect equality represents: ОА. the area of equality. ОВ. the area of inequality. The Gini coefficient. D. The quantile ratio. O E. the cumulative percentage of the population.
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- The closer the Lorenz curve for income is to the line of equality, the larger is the nation's total income. the smaller is the nation's total income. the more equally are incomes distributed. the larger the fraction of the nation's income received by the richest families.19. Define income inequality. O Getting paid below minimum wage. O Not getting a paycheck for months. O Having bad interactions with your boss at work. The idea that women and minorities can do the same work but get paid less/ less opportunity.A5 South Africa's top 10% of earners contribute almost half of all revenue, and the richest 10% of its residents holds 85.6% of net wealth, according to the OECD, which sees scope for the tax system to be used more to reduce inequality. Based on the above paragraph, which of the following statements is INCORREC A. South African 's bottom 90%of income earners contribute allof to the revenu B. South Africa's income inequality levels are very hig C. South Africa' s income inequality levels are very lo D. South Africa's income contribution is equalwheT
- Figure it out •Which country is the most equal? • A B • C • D FIGURE 5.4 Four Possible Lorenz Curves Percentage of income 100 0 7 D Percentage of population 100What role might discrimination play in accounting for income inequality? Draw a curve that shows what happens if this group of workers is discriminated against. Label it. Draw a point to indicate the new equilibrium wage rate and employment level. Choose the correct statement. O A. Discrimination causes the wage differences between white men and white women. O B. Wage differences between different groups as a result of discrimination can act as an incentive to encourage people who are prejudiced to buy from the people against whom they are prejudiced. O C. Discrimination causes the wage differences between black men and white men. O D. Economists agree that prejudice causes all wage differentials between different groups of people. 80- 70- 60- 50 40- 30- 20- 10- Wage rate (thousands of dollars per year) 40 0+ 0.0 $2.0 2.0 Workers (thousands) >>> Draw only the objects specified in the question. 1.0 S 3.0 VMP Q 4.0If the Gini coefficient of a nation in 1980 was 0.50 and in 2020 it was 0.40, the nation's O income inequality is less in 2020 O income inequality is more in 2020 O tax system is less progressive in 2020 O tax system is more progressive in 2020
- TRUE or FALSE 51. Perfect inequality in the distribution of income can be exhibited in reality. 52. Holding all other incomes constant, if we transfer some income from a richer person to a poorer person, the resulting new income distribution is more unequal. 53. There is absolute poverty below the international poverty line. 54. Modern sector enlargement assures a better Lorenz Curve for a nation. 55. The average poverty gap measures the sum of the differences in the income of each person from the absolute poverty line. 56. The multidimensional poverty index gives equal weight to all eight indicators. 57. The normalized income shortfall is a measure of income inequality. d income inequality is thoroughly planned, implemented, and monitored, a nation is secured of achieving economic development. 59. The GINI Coefficient relates the Lorenz Curve and the line of perfect quality of percentage of income and…Q5. Poverty measures a. The Poverty Gap Index or Normalized Poverty Gap is the Average Poverty Gap divided by the poverty line. Show that the poverty gap index is the FGT index with a = 1 b. A population that has a greater share of extreme poor among the poor will have a higher P2, even if it has the same headcount ratio and poverty gap index as another population. Explain. c. Consider a population with four individuals with incomes y₁ = {7, 3, 8, 4} and a poverty yi line yp 5. Calculate Po, P₁, and P2. = d. What is the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) and how is it a more improved measure of poverty?A5. Suppose that the initial rural distribution of income is (1, 2, 3, 4) while the initial urban distribution is (3, 4). The poverty line is 2, so the overall poverty rate (headcount index) is 1/3. Now imagine that all of the rural poor move to urban areas and each of them gains 20% in real income. Verify that the overall poverty rate falls to 1/6, yet the urban poverty rate rises from zero to 1/4.
- K In recent years, as the gap between the rich and the poor has increased, the Lorenz curve has O A. shifted away from the line of equality OB. shifted closer to the line of equality O c. not changed, but there has been a movement down along it O D. not changed, but there has been a movement up along it NeQUESTION 5 The problem with the Poverty Line shown in Mankiw, Fig 2, is that: O It accounts mainly for in-kind transfers.. Bases poverty threshold mainly on money income. OIt excludes a large number of transfers. O It excludes earned income. learn-us east prod feet01-ythouleam.doudare blackboardedn.com/biackboardeamythosprod/Salled4744755/13505715X Blackboard Expiration 16202052. VMPG| VAPL, PA PL)Questions Explain three methods of measuring the income inequality of a nation? 1.kuznet ratio 2. Lorenz curve 3. Gini coefficient As in the case of income distribution, calculation of wealth distribution is done by different entities using different measurements, resulting in a disparity in outcomes. In fact, commonly, wealthis narrowly defined as financial wealth—namely, cash on handand the money value of tangible and nonliquid assets. Even justthe market valuation of financial portfolios is commonly used todefine financial wealth. However, some may extend the definitionto include the value of income streams and insurance rights that,for the most part, cannot be transacted or encumbered. Theseinclude Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security. When suchtransfers and public assistance are included, the poor and manyelderly could benefit, reducing the wealth disparity (Galbraith2016). To obtain net wealth, the value of the debts are subtractedsubtracted from the value of the assets.…