The apparent viscosity of a non-newtonian liquid at a given shear rate is the value indicated by a viscometer operating on the liquid at that shear rate. It is the viscosity that would be indicated by the viscometer if the liquid were Newtonian. (a) Calculate the apparent viscosity of a 4 percent suspension of paper pulp in water at shear rates du/dy of 10 s1 and 1000 s². (b) Repeat for a 25 percent suspension of clay in water.
The apparent viscosity of a non-newtonian liquid at a given shear rate is the value indicated by a viscometer operating on the liquid at that shear rate. It is the viscosity that would be indicated by the viscometer if the liquid were Newtonian. (a) Calculate the apparent viscosity of a 4 percent suspension of paper pulp in water at shear rates du/dy of 10 s1 and 1000 s². (b) Repeat for a 25 percent suspension of clay in water.
Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
8th Edition
ISBN:9781259696527
Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Publisher:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1.1P
Related questions
Question
kindly help me with this problem I provide some information for the solution needed.
Use free floating decimals in all your calculations and in expressing your final answers.
• Solve problem SYSTEMATICALLY and NEATLY thank you!
kindly follow this format GIVEN,REQUIRED,SOLUTION

Transcribed Image Text:3. The apparent viscosity of a non-newtonian liquid at a given shear rate is the value indicated by
a viscometer operating on the liquid at that shear rate. It is the viscosity that would be
indicated by the viscometer if the liquid were Newtonian. (a) Calculate the apparent viscosity
of a 4 percent suspension of paper pulp in water at shear rates du/dy of 10 s1 and 1000 s². (b)
Repeat for a 25 percent suspension of clay in water.

Transcribed Image Text:PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS
VARIATION OF VISCOSITY WITH TEMPERATURE
> Temperature affects the viscosity
The relationship between viscosity and temperature for liquids and gases are:
TERM
Symbol
DEFINITION
FORMULA
DENSITY or
Amount of mass in
mass
Mass
(rho)
a unit volume of
p =
For Liquids:
density
substance.
volume
1
µ = Ho
SPECIFIC
VOLUME
1
V,
\1 + at + Bt²
Vs
The volume
:-
occupied by a unit
mass of fluid
Viscosity of liquid at tºC, in poise
Viscosity of liquid at 0°C, in poise
Constants for the liquid
a, B
WATER:
µ0 = 0.00179 Poise
= 0.03368
B = 0.000221
The weight per unit
volume of a
material
weight
y =
SPECIFIC
mg
WEIGHT or
Unit weight
(gamma)
volume
= p9
V
PSOLID _ PLIQUID_ PGAS
SPECIFIC
SG
A dimensionless
For Gases:
GRAVITY Or
Relative
SG =
Pwater PWATER PAIR
or
ratio of a material's
%3D
H = Hot at – ßt2
S
density to some
Density or
Relative
standard reference
density.
AIR:
u0 = 0.000017 Poise
= 0.000000056
B = 0.1189 x 10-9
YsouD YLQUID_YGAS
SG =
YWATER YWATER YAIR
Gravity
UNITS OF VISCOSITY:
TERM
Symbol
DEFINITION
FORMULA
N's
= Pa's
m2
Sl unit of viscosity=
a) A material property
shear stress
VISCOSITY
Viscosity 1 poise 100 cP (centipoises)
(mu)
that measures the
or
1 g/cms
0.1 Pas
du
dy
fluid's resistance to
flow. The measure of
a fluid's resistance to
internal shear stresses
or angular
deformation.
dyne's
= Poise
cm?
Dynamic
Viscosity
velocity
CGS unit of viscosity=
1 cP
0.001 kg/ms
2.4191 Ibm/fth
6.72 x 10-4 Ibm/fts
y dimension
kgf's
MKSunit of viscosity=
m²
boundary plate
(2D, moving)
2.09 x 10-5 Ibf s/ft2
Dependent on
temperature.
b) Viscosity is the
constant of
velocity, u
shear stress, T
NOTE:
1. The viscosities of liquids are generally much greater than those of gases
2. The viscosity of a liquid increases with pressure, but the effect is generally
insignificant at pressures less than 40 atm.
ди
fluid
gradient,
proportionality
between shear stress
and the gradient
(spatial derivative) of
velocity
boundary plate (2D, stati onary)
The ratio of the dynamic
viscosity (u) to the density of
the fluid (p)
KINEMATIC
V
VISCOSITY
(nu)
V =-
or
Momentum
Unit: m2/s, ft2/s
cm2/s = stoke
diffusivity
a) It is the intermolecular
Pressure inside a droplet of
liquid:
SURFACE
TENSION
(sigma)
cohesive forces that
causes bubbles and
droplets to take on a
spherical shape,
since any other
shape would have
40
PGAGE
more surface area
d
per unit volume.
b) The capacity of
liquids to resist tensile
stresses at their
P = gage pressure (N/m2)
o= surface tension (N/m)
d = droplet diameter (m)
surface is called
surface tension.
| 오
PIESS
Expert Solution

This question has been solved!
Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps

Recommended textbooks for you

Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynami…
Chemical Engineering
ISBN:
9781259696527
Author:
J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education

Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Chemical Engineering
ISBN:
9781118431221
Author:
Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. Bullard
Publisher:
WILEY

Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering (5th Ed…
Chemical Engineering
ISBN:
9780133887518
Author:
H. Scott Fogler
Publisher:
Prentice Hall

Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynami…
Chemical Engineering
ISBN:
9781259696527
Author:
J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education

Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Chemical Engineering
ISBN:
9781118431221
Author:
Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. Bullard
Publisher:
WILEY

Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering (5th Ed…
Chemical Engineering
ISBN:
9780133887518
Author:
H. Scott Fogler
Publisher:
Prentice Hall


Industrial Plastics: Theory and Applications
Chemical Engineering
ISBN:
9781285061238
Author:
Lokensgard, Erik
Publisher:
Delmar Cengage Learning

Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering
Chemical Engineering
ISBN:
9780072848236
Author:
Warren McCabe, Julian C. Smith, Peter Harriott
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Companies, The