Answered: The amounts of nicotine in a certain…

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Question

The amounts of nicotine in a certain brand of cigarette are normally distributed with a mean of 0.967 g and a standard deviation of 0.286 g. The company that produces these cigarettes claims that it has now reduced the amount of nicotine. The supporting evidence consists of a sample of 44 cigarettes with a mean nicotine amount of 0.881 g.

Assuming that the given mean and standard deviation have NOT changed, find the probability of randomly seleting 44 cigarettes with a mean of 0.881 g or less.
P(M < 0.881 g) =
Enter your answer as a number accurate to 4 decimal places. NOTE: Answers obtained using exact z-scores or z-scores rounded to 3 decimal places are accepted.

Based on the result above, is it valid to claim that the amount of nicotine is lower?

No. The probability of obtaining this data is high enough to have been a chance occurrence.
Yes. The probability of this data is unlikely to have occurred by chance alone.

Definition Definition Measure of central tendency that is the average of a given data set. The mean value is evaluated as the quotient of the sum of all observations by the sample size. The mean, in contrast to a median, is affected by extreme values. Very large or very small values can distract the mean from the center of the data. Arithmetic mean: The most common type of mean is the arithmetic mean. It is evaluated using the formula: μ = 1 N ∑ i = 1 N x i Other types of means are the geometric mean, logarithmic mean, and harmonic mean. Geometric mean: The nth root of the product of n observations from a data set is defined as the geometric mean of the set: G = x 1 x 2 ... x n n Logarithmic mean: The difference of the natural logarithms of the two numbers, divided by the difference between the numbers is the logarithmic mean of the two numbers. The logarithmic mean is used particularly in heat transfer and mass transfer. ln x 2 − ln x 1 x 2 − x 1 Harmonic mean: The inverse of the arithmetic mean of the inverses of all the numbers in a data set is the harmonic mean of the data. 1 1 x 1 + 1 x 2 + ...

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