The ammonia molecule ( NH 3 )  has a dipole moment of 5.0× 10^ −30 C⋅m. Ammonia molecules in the gas phase are placed in a uniform electric field E ⃗ → with magnitude 1.9×10^6 N/C N/C . Part A What is the change in electric potential energy when the dipole moment of a molecule changes its orientation with respect to E ⃗ → from parallel to perpendicular? Express your answer using two significant figures Part B At what absolute temperature T  is the average translational kinetic energy 3/2 kT of a molecule equal to the change in potential energy calculated in part (a)? (Note: Above this temperature, thermal agitation prevents the dipoles from aligning with the electric field.)

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Electric Charges and Fields

One of the fundamental properties is the electromagnetic property. Charge cannot be destroyed by any process and this contributes formally to the law of charge conservation.