The 12-gauge copper wire in a typical residential building has a cross-sectional area of 3.31 x 10-6 m2. It carries a constant current of 10.0 A. What is the drift speed of the electrons in the wire? Assume each copper atom contributes one free electron to the current. The density of copper is 8.92 g/cm3.

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Microscopic view of current

In physics, the term current is expressed as the rate of flow of electric charges across the area per unit time (I=q/t). It propagates along in the direction of the motion of positive charges. When the current is caused by the motion of electrons, the direction of the current is opposite to the flow.