test was given to a group of students. The grades and gender are summarized below   A B C Total Male 8 13 18 39 Female 4 17 2 23 Total 12 30 20 62 If one student is chosen at random from those who took the test, Find the probability that the student was male GIVEN they got an 'A'.

A First Course in Probability (10th Edition)
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ISBN:9780134753119
Author:Sheldon Ross
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Chapter1: Combinatorial Analysis
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Problem 1.1P: a. How many different 7-place license plates are possible if the first 2 places are for letters and...
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 test was given to a group of students. The grades and gender are summarized below

  A B C Total
Male 8 13 18 39
Female 4 17 2 23
Total 12 30 20 62



If one student is chosen at random from those who took the test,

Find the probability that the student was male GIVEN they got an 'A'.

Expert Solution
Step 1

Probability quantifies the chances of happening an event. The probability values always lie in the range 0 and 1. The formula to calculate probability is given below.

P=Number of favourable outcomesTotal number of outcomes

An event is a subset of the sample space. Sample space consist the set of all possible outcomes and the probability of sample space is 1. Conditional probability is the probability of occurrence of an event with some association with other events.

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