Terzaghi's Theory A clay layer of thickness 10 cm and initial void ratio 0.5 undergoes settlement so that the final void ratio is 0.2. The settlement of the layer in cm is:

Q: for the second problem why did you do pressure x area - force(x)? where did the pressure x area come…

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A:

Calculation of Settlement

The vertical displacement of the structural foundation due to the loading from the superstructure is known as settlement. It is due to the reduction of air voids present in the soil. The amount of vertical displacement depends on the bearing capacity of the soil on which the foundation is laid. The effect of the settlement depends on the magnitude of settlement, uniformity, and the structural design of the structure. The maximum allowable settlement for residential and office buildings should be less than 18 mm, for industrial buildings, it is 38 mm and for commercial buildings, it is 25 mm.