TRANSMITTANCEI¼ Practice time! Identify the Peaks and Structure LOD H-C=C-CH2CH2CH3 NH2 OH D 4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 500 HAVENUMBERI -11 Table L1.2: Characteristic IR Absorption Frequencies Bond Description Example (R=H or alkyl) Absorption Range (cm³) alcohol O-H R- H- alkyne 3200-3650 (broad, strong) 3260-3330 CSp-H R- R amine 3100-3500 N-H alkene R H 3050-3150 Cop2-H R alkane 2840-3000 R -H Cup 3-H (strong) alkyne 2100-2260 C=C R- -R carbonyl C=O 1690-1760 (strong) R R R alkene 1620-1680 C=C cm-1 R alcohol 1000-1260 C-O R3C OH

The following molecular ion isotopic clusters correspond to derivatives of benzene (C6H6) for which one or more of the hydrogens have been replaced with chlorines or bromines. What molecular formula corresponds to each mass spectrum? . 100- 80- 60- 40- Relative intensity 20- -M+6 -M+5 -M+4 M+3 M+1 M+2 M+0 (a) -M+6 -M+5 -M+4 M+3 M+2 M+1 -M+0 (b) M+6 M+5 M+4 M+3 -M+2 -M+1 -M+0 (c) M+6 -M+5 M+4 M+3 M+2 -M+1 -M+0 (d) M+6 M+5 -M+4 -M+3 -M+2 M+1 -M+0 (e)

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Identify the significant absorption peaks by labeling them right on the spectrumand includethe spectrum in your laboratory report. Absorption peaks corresponding to the followinggroups should be identified: C—H (SP3) C—H (SP2) C—H (aldehyde) O—H C=O C=C (aromatic)aromatic substitution pattern C—OC—X (if applicable)

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#1). In the functional group region of the IR spectrum, specify the absorptions associated with the carbon-carbon and carbon-oxygen double bonds.

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Why do aldehydes, esters, and amides all have a strong absorption in the 1630-1780 cm1 region of their IR spectra? A) The bond between H and the sp³-hybridized C in these functional groups vibrates in this energy range. B) Each of these functional groups has at least two resonance structures, and the different vibrations of the resonance structures give off energy in this region. C) The bond between O and the sp²-hybridized C in these functional groups vibrates at a frequency in this energy range. D) Light at this wavenumber causes the average C to O bond length to increase which causes more of this light to be transmitted. E) An electron in the bond of these functional groups gets excited to the * orbital.

Hw.2.   Identify functional groups