Table 25.1 Configurational Relationships Among the Isometric D-Aldotetroses, D-Aldopentoses, and D-Aldohexoses CHO H- • HO- CH,OH D-Glyceraldehyde СНО CHO OH Но- H. H H- HO- CHOH CH,OH D-Erythrose D-Threose CHO CHO CHO CHO H- HO- HO H FOH Но H- H OH HO HO H- HO- HO- HO- CH,OH ČHOH ČHOH ČHOH D-Ribose D-Arabinose D-Xylose D-Lyxose СНО СНО CHO CHO СНО СНО СНО CHO ОН НО -H- H- -ОН НО H- H- OH HO- H. -ОН НО- H. FOH H- OH HO H- HO- FOH H FOH HO- H- Но- H- -HO- H- HO- H -HO- H- OH HO- HO- HO H- но- H- HO- HO- H- HO- HO- H- HO- H FOH OH HO- CH,OH ČH,OH ČH,OH CH,OH ČH,OH CH,OH ČH,OH ČH,OH D-Allose D-Altrose D-Glucose D-Mannose D-Gulose D-Idose D-Galactose D-Talose

Q: why monosaccharides are insoluble in ether, chloroform and benzene solvents? and why is fructose the…

A: Monosaccharides are the simplest sugar in which there is a presence of one oxygen atom and two…

Q: In much the same way that aldoses are reduced with H 2 and Pd, 2-ketohexoses are also reduced. One…

A: Fructose is a type of simple sugar. It is a monosaccharide sugar. It makes up 50% of table sugar. It…

Q: Trehalose and maltose are both dimers of glucose. However, they have considereably different…

A: Both Trehalose and maltose are dimers that are made of two glucose. In Maltose, two glucose units…

Q: There is only one aldotriose, called glyceraldehyde. Draw the two enantiomers ofglyceraldehyde.

A: Enantiomers are the pair of compounds that are non-superimposable on one another but mirror images…

Q: .  The monosaccharides shown below are… (MARK ALL THAT APPLY) Anomers Stereoisomers The same…

A: Given are two monosaccharide molecules.

Q: Draw the structure of (a) a ketotetrose; (b) an aldopentose; (c) an aldotetrose.

A: The structure of ketotetrose, aldopentose, and aldotetrose has to be given.

Q: Which D-aldopentoses are reduced to optically inactive alditols using NaBH,, CH;OH?

A: Alditols are acyclic, polyhydric alcohols that are formally derived from aldoses or ketoses by…

Q: A Fischer projection of a monosaccharide is shown below: Classify this monosaccharide (e.g.,…

A: Monosaccharides: (single sugar unit) simple sugars units are the most basic units of…

Q: which of the structure represent glucopyranose

A: The molecular formula of glucose is C6H12O6. Glucose present in equilibrium between its open-chain…

Q: What aglycon and monosaccharides are formed when salicin and solanine (Section 28.7C) are each…

A: The monosaccharide and aglycon is formed from the hydrolysis of salicin in presence of aqueous acid.…

Q: LOH HO Но. OH HOʻ OH HOS OHOH HO halose maltose sugar while trehalose is not. stant to acid…

A: Trehalose and maltose are both dimers of glucose but they both are different in their reactivities.

Q: A D-aldohexose A is formed from an aldopentose B by the Kiliani-Fischer synthesis. Reduction of A…

A: Step 1:First, draw an aldohexose skeleton and attach -OH group on the right hand side of stereogenic…

Q: Which of the following monosaccharides gives optically inactive alditols on reduction with…

A:

Q: Name the following monosaccharide: H он HO H H H.

A: We need to tell the name of monosaccharide.

Q: Deduce the structure of the disaccharide isomaltose from the following data.a. Hydrolysis yields…

A: a. Hydrolysis of isomaltose yields D-glucose exclusively. Thus, the disaccharide is formed from two…

Q: Draw the structure of the expected product when monosaccharide A undergo mutarotation upon…

A: In this question, first step is ring opening because when we adding water on it then it's showing…

Q: Draw a chair conformation for a β anomer of a disaccharide in which the two units of D-glucopyranose…

A: Anomers are those cyclic monosaccharides that differ from each other at the second carbon atom.

Q: Why are all of the elements in group 18 relatively unreactive, whereasthose in group 17 are very…

A: The reason for all the elements of group 18 being unreactive when compared with those elements of…

Q: (a) Convert each cyclic monosaccharide into a Fischer projection of its acyclic form. (b) Name each…

A: If two diastereomers having more than one chiral centers differ in absolute configuration at one…

Q: The anticoagulant heparin is a polysaccharide that contains alternating residues of -D- glucuronic…

A:

Q: starch has free hemiacetal bonds it is non reducing sugar, explain ?

A: Starch has free hemiacetal bonds, it is a non-reducing sugar.

Q: (d) Draw the structure of the expected product when monosaccharide B undergo mutarotation upon…

A: When the molecule is dissolved in water the value of optical rotation of the solution changes untill…

Q: Does lactose mutarotate? Is it a reducing sugar? Explain. Draw the two anomeric formsof lactose

A: Disaccharides are the carbohydrates that are comprised of two sugar units. Example- lactose. The…

Q: Draw the linear form, Haworth formulas and chair conformations (if applicable) for the two anomeric…

A: The structure of given sugars  as follow:

Q: Draw a chair conformation for the b-anomer of a disaccharide in which two units of d-glucopyranose…

A: A disaccharide is formed by the combination of 2 D- glucopyranose units.

Q: CH2OH O= H- HO Но- H- OH H- OH -OH но- HO H- -O- H- -OH HOH,Č ČH,OH ČH;OH HOH2C CH,OH OH OH OH OH…

A: fullscreen

Q: Draw D- glucose in a Fischer Projection. 2 Draw alpha-D- glucose and in the Hayworth (ring )…

A: The D and L nomenclature of carbohydrates depends on the last chiral carbon atom.  If the OH group…

Q: Draw Fischer projections for the product(s) formed by reaction of d-galactose with the following. In…

A: Structure of d-galactose is as follows.

Q: The a and B anomers of a D-glucopyranose are related as: A) enantiomers. B) meso compounds. C)…

A: 1  The α  and β anomers of D‐glucopyranose are related as     -An anomer is  epimers  as the…

Q: 21.) Which of the following disaccharides is matched with its correct glycosidic linkage? B)…

A: A) Sucrose has α,β-1,2 glycosidic linkage B)Cellbiose has β-1,4 glycosidic linkage C)Lactose has…

Q: Raffinose is a trisaccharide (C18H32O16) isolated from cottonseed meal. Raffinose doesnot reduce…

A: Raffinose is trisaccharide which composed of galactose, glucose, fructose (Cannon) and on hydrolysis…

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are the organic compounds that are obtained in foods and living matters in the shape of sugars, cellulose, and starch. The general formula of carbohydrates is Cn(H2O)2. The ratio of H and O present in carbohydrates is identical to water.

Starch

Starch is a polysaccharide carbohydrate that belongs to the category of polysaccharide carbohydrates.

Mutarotation

The rotation of a particular structure of the chiral compound because of the epimerization is called mutarotation. It is the repercussion of the ring chain tautomerism. In terms of glucose, this can be defined as the modification in the equilibrium of the α- and β- glucose anomers upon its dissolution in the solvent water. This process is usually seen in the chemistry of carbohydrates.

L Sugar

A chemical compound that is represented with a molecular formula C6H12O6 is called L-(-) sugar. At the carbon’s 5th position, the hydroxyl group is placed to the compound’s left and therefore the sugar is represented as L(-)-sugar. It is capable of rotating the polarized light’s plane in the direction anticlockwise. L isomers are one of the 2 isomers formed by the configurational stereochemistry of the carbohydrates.