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Table 20.1 Resistivities p of Various materials at 20°C Resistivity p ( •m) Material Conductors Silver 1.59x10-8 Copper 1.72x10-8 Gold 2.44x10-8 Aluminum 2.65x10-8 Tungsten 5.6x10-8 Iron 9.71×10¬8 Platinum 10.6x10-8 Steel 20x10-8 Lead 22x10-8 Manganin (Cu, Mn, Ni alloy) 44x10-8 Constantan (Cu, Ni alloy) 49x10-8 Mercury 96x10-8 Nichrome (Ni, Fe, Cr alloy) 100x10-8 Semiconductors] Carbon (pure) 3.5x105 Carbon (3.5 – 60)×105 Germanium (pure) 600x 10-3 Germanium (1 – 600)×10-3 Silicon (pure) 2300 Silicon 0.1-2300 Insulators Amber 5x1014 Glass 10° – 1014 Lucite >1013 Mica 1011 – 1015 Quartz (fused) 75x1016 Rubber (hard) 1013 – 1016 Sulfur 1015 Teflon >1013 Wood 108 – 1011

Table 20.1 Resistivities p of Various materials at 20°C Resistivity p ( •m) Material Conductors Silver 1.59x10-8 Copper 1.72x10-8 Gold 2.44x10-8 Aluminum 2.65x10-8 Tungsten 5.6x10-8 Iron 9.71×10¬8 Platinum 10.6x10-8 Steel 20x10-8 Lead 22x10-8 Manganin (Cu, Mn, Ni alloy) 44x10-8 Constantan (Cu, Ni alloy) 49x10-8 Mercury 96x10-8 Nichrome (Ni, Fe, Cr alloy) 100x10-8 Semiconductors] Carbon (pure) 3.5x105 Carbon (3.5 – 60)×105 Germanium (pure) 600x 10-3 Germanium (1 – 600)×10-3 Silicon (pure) 2300 Silicon 0.1-2300 Insulators Amber 5x1014 Glass 10° – 1014 Lucite >1013 Mica 1011 – 1015 Quartz (fused) 75x1016 Rubber (hard) 1013 – 1016 Sulfur 1015 Teflon >1013 Wood 108 – 1011

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In which of the three semiconducting materials listed in the table do impurities supply free charges? (Hint: Examine the range of resistivity for each and determine whether the pure semiconductor has the higher or lower conductivity.)

Table 20.1 Resistivities p of Various materials at 20°C Resistivity p ( •m) Material Conductors Silver 1.59x10-8 Copper 1.72x10-8 Gold 2.44x10-8 Aluminum 2.65x10-8 Tungsten 5.6x10-8 Iron 9.71×10¬8 Platinum 10.6x10-8 Steel 20x10-8 Lead 22x10-8 Manganin (Cu, Mn, Ni alloy) 44x10-8 Constantan (Cu, Ni alloy) 49x10-8 Mercury 96x10-8 Nichrome (Ni, Fe, Cr alloy) 100x10-8 Semiconductors] Carbon (pure) 3.5x105 Carbon (3.5 – 60)×105
Transcribed Image Text:Table 20.1 Resistivities p of Various materials at 20°C Resistivity p ( •m) Material Conductors Silver 1.59x10-8 Copper 1.72x10-8 Gold 2.44x10-8 Aluminum 2.65x10-8 Tungsten 5.6x10-8 Iron 9.71×10¬8 Platinum 10.6x10-8 Steel 20x10-8 Lead 22x10-8 Manganin (Cu, Mn, Ni alloy) 44x10-8 Constantan (Cu, Ni alloy) 49x10-8 Mercury 96x10-8 Nichrome (Ni, Fe, Cr alloy) 100x10-8 Semiconductors] Carbon (pure) 3.5x105 Carbon (3.5 – 60)×105
Germanium (pure) 600x 10-3 Germanium (1 – 600)×10-3 Silicon (pure) 2300 Silicon 0.1-2300 Insulators Amber 5x1014 Glass 10° – 1014 Lucite >1013 Mica 1011 – 1015 Quartz (fused) 75x1016 Rubber (hard) 1013 – 1016 Sulfur 1015 Teflon >1013 Wood 108 – 1011
Transcribed Image Text:Germanium (pure) 600x 10-3 Germanium (1 – 600)×10-3 Silicon (pure) 2300 Silicon 0.1-2300 Insulators Amber 5x1014 Glass 10° – 1014 Lucite >1013 Mica 1011 – 1015 Quartz (fused) 75x1016 Rubber (hard) 1013 – 1016 Sulfur 1015 Teflon >1013 Wood 108 – 1011
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