Table 1: Arterial blood gas concentration in patientTwo hours after aspiriningestionTen hours after aspiriningestionNormal valuesPartial Pressure CO226 mm Hg19 mm Hg35-45 mm HgPartial Pressure O2113 mm Hg143 mm Hg75-100 mm HgBicarbonate [HCO;]18 mM21 mM22-26 mMpH7.447.557.35-7.45Blood salicylateconcentration, mg/dL57117 4. It has been shown that aspirin acts directly on the nervous system to stimulate respiration. Thus, our patientis hyperventilating due to her aspirin overdose.a. Based on lab results from Table 1, what happens to the carbon dioxide and oxygen levels in the patient'sblood during aspirin-induced hyperventilation? Explain.b. Explain how aspirin-induced hyperventilation causes the pH of the patient's blood to increase. (Hint: whatacid/base pair is the blood's main buffering system?)

Aspirin was initially used as pain reliever and anti-pyretic but due to its aspirin and Reye's…

Answered: Table 1: Arterial blood gas…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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1. Part A: A patient with a pH of 7.42, pCO2=55 mm Hg, HCO3=29 mEq/L does not have an acid-base imbalance. (True or False)? Part B: A patient with a pH of 7.56 and is hyperventilating has a ____________ (Name the imbalance) and the hyperventilation is the __________ (cause of compensation) for the imbalance. Part C: A patient with a pH of 7.56 and is hypoventilating has a ____________ (Name the imbalance) and the hypoventilation is the __________ (cause of compensation) for the imbalance.
Keep in mind the chemical reaction: CO2 + H20 H2CO3 H* + HCO3 A patient on a mechanical respirator often suffers from alkalosis because a. excess of oxygen favors reaction to the left side hyperventilation leads to removal of excess of CO2 b. Oc. hyperventilation leads to removal of excess of H* ion along with CO2 as both have increased. Both (b) and (c) are correct. Od.
COVID-19 symptoms are assiociated with which of the following pathology? a. Alveolar destruction b. Impaired gas exchange c. Mucus production d. Fluid accumulation in the alveolus e. All of the above
Think about the wall of a small bronchiole during a severe allergic response. Explain, as specifically as you can, why the following different medications could be administered and their mechanism of action to increase airflow (include receptors, receptor subTYPES, downstream intracellular effects and consequences. -Albuterol-Atrovent-Epi-pen-Inhaled corticosteroids (like prednisone)-Anti-histamine (like Benadryl)
1. When the pH increases, there is (more or less) CO2, so the lungs will (increase or decrease) the rate and depth of breathing. 2. When the pH increases, there is (more or less) H+, so the kidneys will (excrete or reabsorb) the H+ 3. When the pH increases, there is (more or less) HCO3-, so the kidneys will (excrete or reabsorb) the HCO3- 1. When the pH decreases, there is (more or less) CO2, so the lungs will (increase or decrease) the rate and depth of breathing. 2. When the pH decreases, there is (more or less) H+, so the kidneys will (excrete or reabsorb) the H+ 3. When the pH decreases, there is (more or less) HCO3-, so the kidneys will (excrete or reabsorb) the HCO3-
1. Carbon dioxide released during respiration can affect the % oxygen saturation of haemoglobin. Carbon dioxide reacts with water to form carbonic acid. Which statements below explains the effect of carbon dioxide on haemoglobin? A. The release of hydrogen ions causes the pH to rise, which reduces haemoglobin's affinity for охуgen. B. The release of hydrogen ions causes the pH to rise, which increases haemoglobin's affinity for oxygen. C. The release of hydrogen ions causes the pH to fall, which increases haemoglobin's affinity for охygen. D. The release of hydrogen ions causes the pH to fall, which reduces haemoglobin's affinity for охуgen. E. None of the above can explain the change. 2. The following events occur when carbon dioxide enters an erythrocyte in a capillary. 1. Hydrogencarbonate ions diffuse into the plasma from the red blood cell 2. Dissociation of carbonic acid 3. Carbon dioxide reacts with water forming carbonic acid 4. Chloride ions diffuse into red blood cell from…
6. Which of the following statements are true of the alveoli and pulmonary capillaries? (Read carefully and select all of the correct statements.)?A. Blood coming into the pulmonary capillaries is low in O2 and high in CO2.B. The alveolar walls are one cell in thickness.C. The total alveoli provide a large surface area for gas exchange.D. The pulmonary capillaries are made of simple squamous epithelium.E. Blood leaving the pulmonary capillaries will return to the left atrium of the heart.
If the blood lacked red blood cells but the lungs were functioning normally, A. The arterial PO2 would be normal. B. The oxygen content of arterial blood would be normal. C. Both A and B would apply. D. Neither A nor B would apply Which of the following would be most affected by a decrease in the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen? A. Arterial PO2 B. Arterial percent oxyhemoglobin saturation C. Venous oxyhemoglobin saturation D. Arterial PCO2
The following factors affect the oxygen hemoglobin curve (unloading of O2) EXCEPT: a. Temperature. b. PH. c. Diphosphoglycerate. d. Tidal volume.
Respiratory alkalosis is recognized as a respiratory rate in excess of that which maintains normal plasma PCO2 levels. What is a common cause of respiratory alkalosis?a. Hyperventilation syndromeb. Hypoventilation syndromec. Cluster breathingd. Kussmaul breathing
Ventilation involves 1.bringing oxygen to the body cells for cell respiration 2.inspiration and expiration 3.regulation by pressure 4.all of the answers are correct
6. What is the physiological difference between pulmonary obstructive disorder and pulmonary restrictive disorder? 7. How can Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTS) help distinguish between these two disorders mentioned above? 8. Lupe is 62" tall and 18 years old. Her results for her PFT in Physiology class were as follows: Tidal Volume: Time for one breath (s): Vital Capacity (L) FEVI (L) 0.385 Liters 4.5 seconds 2.124 Liters 1.787 Liters a. Calculate Lupe's Respiratory Rate and Minute Volume. Give units of measurement. b. Does Lupe have a respiratory disorder? If so, is it restrictive or obstructive? Explain and show your calculation. 9. The medical records of Chris and Gaby may have gotten mixed up. One of these two individuals has asthma. Given the data below, who has asthma? Age and Height Tidal Volume (L): Time for one breath (s): Forced Vital Capacity (L) FEVI (L) Chris 25 y.o./63 inches 0.487 4.1 4.124 2.685 Gaby 27 y.o./64 inches 0.398 4.5 3.80 2.97

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