Suppose that an HDD has 100 cylinders, numbered 0 to 99. The disk arm is currently located at cylinder 51, and it is moving towards higher numbered cylinders. The queue of pending requests, in FIFO order, is 60, 80, 82, 97, 41, 17, 23, 29, 37, 83 What is the total distance (measured in the number of cylinders) that the disk arm moves to satisfy all the pending requests for the following scheduling algorithms? Show how you calculate them. 1.1 First come first served (FCFS)

Q: Differentiate between a freestanding and a computer-built operating system.

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Q: In this section, you will get familiar with the fundamentals of computer operating systems (OS)

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Q: List two operating system services that manage computer operations.

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Q: Define Operating systems.

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Q: List two operating system services that manage computer operations.

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Q: Explain the primary classification of operating systems based on their purpose and functionality.

A: Answer is explained below in detail

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Q: Define operating system.

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Q: List the four most significant operating system functions.

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Dynamic Multithreading

An algorithm that executes a single instruction in a uniprocessor system is called a serial algorithm. In the case of a multiprocessor computer system, multiple instructions are executed in parallel. A multithreaded algorithm is an algorithm that enables multiple instances of the code to be executed concurrently.Multithreading is a concept that allows the CPU to execute threads independently while sharing similar resources. It is an important CPU feature that works on the process. Thread is a sequence of instructions that executes in parallel with other threads. Because of multithreading, multiple tasks can be performed within a single process.