Suppose Tefco Corp. has a value of $100 million if it continues to operate, but has outstanding debt of $120 million that is now due. If the firm declares bankruptcy, bankruptcy costs will equal $20 million, and the remaining $80 million will go to creditors. Instead of declaring bankruptcy, management proposes to exchange the firm's debt for a fraction of its equity in a workout. What is the minimum fraction of the firm's equity that management would need to offer to creditors for the workout to be successful?
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- Suppose Tefco Corp. has a value of $131 million if it continues to operate, but has outstanding debt of $160 million that is now due. If the firm declares bankruptcy, bankruptcy costs will equal $22 million, and the remaining $109 million will go to creditors. Instead of declaring bankruptcy, management proposes to exchange the firm's debt for a fraction of its equity in a workout. What is the minimum fraction of the firm's equity that management would need to offer to creditors for the workout to be successful? Tefco could offer its creditors% of the firm in a workout. (Round to one decimal place.) CSuppose a company borrows $1 million debt to invest in a project that generates uncertain future cash flow (revenue) of o*$2 million (when debt is due). The debt has to be repaid (interest rate is zero) when the project's cash flow is realized. Assume 46% of the cash flow (revenue) is lost upon bankruptcy (i.e., when debtholders control the firm). Also, assume that renegotiations are allowed and the manager may be allowed to stay if debtholders find it better than firing. Upon renegotiation debt and equity holders have equal bargaining power. At what company cash flow does strategic default start to occur? 1.0 million 1.3 million 2.0 million 1.6 millionSuppose a company borrows $1 million debt to invest in a project that generates uncertain future cash flow (revenue) of 0~$2 million (when debt is due). The debt has to be repaid (interest rate is zero) when the project's cash flow is realized. Assume 46% of the cash flow (revenue) is lost upon bankruptcy (i.e., when debtholders control the firm). Also, assume that renegotiations are allowed and the manager may be allowed to stay if debtholders find it better than firing. Instead of equal bargaining power, if borrower has full bargaining power (borrower gets 100% of renegotiation), at what company cash flow does strategic default start to occur? 1.46 million 1.0 million 1.97 million 1.85 million
- Suppose a company borrows $1 million debt to invest in a project that generates uncertain future cash flow (revenue) of 0~$2 million (when debt is due). The debt has to be repaid (interest rate is zero) when the project's cash flow is realized. Assume 20% of the cash flow (revenue) is lost upon bankruptcy (i.e., when debtholders control the firm). Also, assume that renegotiations are allowed and the manager may be allowed to stay if debtholders find it better than firing. Instead of equal bargaining power, if lender has 30% bargaining power (lender gets 60% of renegotiation), at what company cash flow does strategic default start to occur? 1.16 million 1.25 million 1.65 million 0.85 millionThe manager of a firm at t=0 has to decide whether to liquidate or to continue. If he decides to continue in t=1, the value of the firm assets will be Va= €140 million assuming business recovers. Nevertheless, the most likely scenario ((1-p) = 85%) is that the company sales will continue declining. Then, company assets will be valued only at Vẞ = €78 million. At what debt value, we see an inefficiency case because Managers' Aversion to Liquidation. a. $60 million O b. None * C. $100 million d. $80 million Your answer is incorrect. The correct answer is: $100 millionSuppose a company borrows $1 million debt to'invest in a project that generates uncertain future cash flow (revenue) of 0-$2 million (when debt is due). The debt has to be repaid (interest rate is zero) when the project's cash flow is realized. Assume 35% of the cash flow (revenue) is lost upon bankruptcy (i.e., when debtholders control the firm). Also, assume that renegotiations are allowed and the manager may be allowed to stay if debtholders find it better than firing. Instead of equal bargaining power, if lender has 25% bargaining power (lender gets 25% of renegotiation), at what company cash flow does strategic default start to occur? 1.16 million O 0.85 million 1.36 million O1.65 million
- Overnight Publishing Company (OPC) has $2.7 million in excess cash. The firm plans to use this cash either to retire all of its outstanding debt or to repurchase equity. The firm's debt is held by one institution that is willing to sell it back to OPC for $2.7 million. The institution will not charge OPC any transaction costs. Once OPC becomes an all-equity firm, it will remain unlevered forever. If OPC does not retire the debt, the company will use the $2.7 million in cash to buy back some of its stock on the open market. Repurchasing stock also has no transaction costs. The company will generate $1,320,000 of annual earnings before interest and taxes in perpetuity regardless of its capital structure. The firm immediately pays out all earnings as dividends at the end of each year. OPC is subject to a corporate tax rate of 22 percent and the required rate of return on the firm's unlevered equity is 13 percent. The personal tax rate on interest income is 20 percent and there are no…02) Overnight Publishing Company(OPC) has $2.5 million in excess cash. The firm plans to use this cash either to retireall of its outstanding debt or to repurchase equity. The firm’s debt is held by oneinstitution that is willing to sell it back to OPC for $2.5 million. The institution will notcharge OPC any transaction costs. Once OPC becomes an all-equity firm, it will remain unlevered forever. If OPC does not retire the debt, the company will use the $2.5 million in cash to buy back some of its stock on the open market. Repurchasing stock also hasno transaction costs. The company will generate $1,300,000 of annual earnings beforeinterest and taxes in perpetuity regardless of its capital structure. The firm immediatelypays out all earnings as dividends at the end of each year. OPC is subject to a corporatetax rate of 35 percent, and the required rate of return on the firm’s unlevered equity is20 percent. The personal tax rate on interest income is 25 percent, and there are no taxeson…A firm currently carries £2m in debt and has assets in place worth £3m in state G and £1m in state B. Both states are expected to occur with the same probability. The firm has an investment opportunity which costs £1m and generates assets worth £x millions in state B and £0 in state G. Assume that managers pursue the interest of current shareholders and that, in case of bankruptcy, all assets are seized by creditors. A. The firm will undertake the project provided it has positive NPV, i.e. x/2>1 B. The firm will never undertake the project C. The firm will undertake the project provided that x>3. D. The firm will undertake the project provided that it has positive NPV in state B, i.e. x>1
- Horizon Corporation has decided to a capital restructuring. This process of restructuring involves increasing its existing $80 million in debt to $125 million. However, the interest rate on the debt is 9 percent and it is not expected to change. The firm currently has 10 million shares outstanding, and the price per share is $60. If the restructuring is expected to increasethe return on equity (ROE), what is the minimum level for EBIT that Horizon’s management must be expecting? Ignore taxes in your answer.Axon Industries needs to raise $22.41M for a new investment project. If the firm issues one-year debt, it may haveto pay an interest rate of 9.44 %, although Axon's managers believe that 5.51 % would be a fair rate given the level of risk. If the firm issues equity, they believe the equity may be underpriced by 11.26 %. What is the cost to current shareholders of financing the project out of Equity? NOTE: Provide your answers in Millions. E.G. for 100M you must enter 100.0000, for 20M you must enter 20.0000, etc.Gladstone Corporation is about to launch a new product. Depending on the success of the new product, Gladstone may have one of four values next year: $151 million, $134 million, $91 million, and $84 million. These outcomes are all equally likely, and this risk is diversifiable. Suppose the risk-free interest rate is 5% and that, in the event of default, 20% of the value of Gladstone's assets will be lost to bankruptcy costs. (Ignore all other market imperfections, such as taxes.) a. What is the initial value of Gladstone's equity without leverage? Now suppose Gladstone has zero-coupon debt with a $100 million face value due next year. b. What is the initial value of Gladstone's debt? c. What is the yield-to-maturity of the debt? What is its expected return? d. What is the initial value of Gladstone's equity? What is Gladstone's total value with leverage? Suppose Gladstone has 10 million shares outstanding and no debt at the start of the year. e. If Gladstone does not issue debt, what…