Sucrose Sugar C12H22O11 Heptane One of several components in gasoline C5H12 Sulfuric acid Used in car batteries H2SO4 Asbestos Insulator H4Mg3Si2O9 Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) Banned pesticide C14H9Cl5 Silicon dioxide Sand SiO2 Iron oxide Rust Fe2O3 Butane Lighter fluid C4H10

Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Counting Atoms

 

          The formula for a compound indicates the elements that make up the compound and the number of atoms of each element present in the compound.  These numbers of atoms are indicated by the use of small numbers called subscripts.   Sometimes groups of atoms act as a single atom.   When a subscript appears outside the parentheses, it indicates that all the elements inside the parentheses should be multiplied by that subscript.  For example, the formula Fe(OH)3 indicates the combination of 1 atom of iron, Fe, 3 atoms of oxygen, O, and 3 atoms of hydrogen, H.

In the following examples, list each element in the compound and the number of atoms of each element present.  The first example has been done for you.  You may already be familiar with some of the compounds.

 

FIX ANY WRONG PROBLEMS!

 

**Use the periodic table link to help you identify the elements used

 

NAME

USE

FORMULA

ATOMS IN FORMULA

Calcium Carbonate

Limestone

CaCO3

Ca=1 calcium

C = 1 carbon 

O = 3 oxygen 

Aspirin

Pain Reliever

C9H8O4

Carbon : 9

Hydragon : 8

Oxeygen : 4



Magnesium hydroxide

Found in milk of magnesia

Mg(OH)2

Mag: 1

Oxygen : 1

 Hydrogen : 1

Acetic acid

Found in vinegar

C2H4O2

Carbon : 2

Hydrogen : 4

Oxygen : 2




Trinitrotoluene (TNT)

Explosive

C7H5(NO2)3

Carbon : 7

Hydrogen : 5

Nitrogen : 3

Oxygen : 6


 



Calcium dihydrogen phosphate

Fertilizer

Ca(H2PO4)2

Calcium : 1

Hydrogen : 4

Phosphorus : 2

Oxygen : 8




Pyrite

Fool’s gold

FeS2

Iron : 1

Sulfur : 2



Sucrose

Sugar

C12H22O11





Heptane

One of several components in gasoline

C5H12




Sulfuric acid

Used in car batteries

H2SO4





Asbestos

Insulator

H4Mg3Si2O9






Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT)

Banned pesticide

C14H9Cl5





Silicon dioxide

Sand

SiO2




Iron oxide

Rust

Fe2O3




Butane

Lighter fluid

C4H10




 

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