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Substrate B is NEURON X Axon terminal of a cholinergic neuron Substrate A Synthesis and packaging Into a vesicle Neurotransmitter break Substrate B Process F down by Enzyme D OProtein E Substrate B transport into the axon terminal Receptor C Substrate B is recycled to produce neurotransmitter Acetate Enzyme D NEURON Y acetylcholinesterase choline O tyrosine O acetyl coenzyme A

Substrate B is NEURON X Axon terminal of a cholinergic neuron Substrate A Synthesis and packaging Into a vesicle Neurotransmitter break Substrate B Process F down by Enzyme D OProtein E Substrate B transport into the axon terminal Receptor C Substrate B is recycled to produce neurotransmitter Acetate Enzyme D NEURON Y acetylcholinesterase choline O tyrosine O acetyl coenzyme A

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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**QUESTION 43** Substrate B is ___. **Options:** - acetylcholinesterase - choline - tyrosine - acetyl coenzyme A **Diagram Explanation:** The diagram illustrates the axon terminal of a cholinergic neuron and provides a detailed depiction of the steps involved in neurotransmitter recycling and release. **Key Components and Processes:** 1. **Synthesis and Packaging into a Vesicle (Step 1):** - Substrate A is synthesized and packaged into vesicles within the neuron terminal. 2. **Neurotransmitter Breakdown by Enzyme D (Step 2):** - After neurotransmitter release, it binds to Receptor C on the postsynaptic neuron and is then broken down by Enzyme D into acetate and Substrate B. 3. **Substrate B Transport into the Axon Terminal (Step 3):** - Protein E facilitates the transport of Substrate B back into the axon terminal of Neuron X. 4. **Substrate B is Recycled to Produce Neurotransmitter (Step 4):** - Process F involves the recycling of Substrate B, which combines with another component to reform the neurotransmitter. **Diagram Legend:** - **Substrate A:** Neurotransmitter before release. - **Substrate B:** Component of the neurotransmitter after breakdown (choline). - **Enzyme D:** Breaks down the neurotransmitter (e.g., acetylcholinesterase). - **Protein E:** Involved in the reuptake of Substrate B. - **Receptor C:** Post-synaptic receptor. - **Process F:** Recycling mechanism for Substrate B to reform neurotransmitter. Given the involved steps and substances in acetylcholine metabolism within cholinergic neurons, **Substrate B** in this context is **choline**.
Transcribed Image Text:**QUESTION 43** Substrate B is ___. **Options:** - acetylcholinesterase - choline - tyrosine - acetyl coenzyme A **Diagram Explanation:** The diagram illustrates the axon terminal of a cholinergic neuron and provides a detailed depiction of the steps involved in neurotransmitter recycling and release. **Key Components and Processes:** 1. **Synthesis and Packaging into a Vesicle (Step 1):** - Substrate A is synthesized and packaged into vesicles within the neuron terminal. 2. **Neurotransmitter Breakdown by Enzyme D (Step 2):** - After neurotransmitter release, it binds to Receptor C on the postsynaptic neuron and is then broken down by Enzyme D into acetate and Substrate B. 3. **Substrate B Transport into the Axon Terminal (Step 3):** - Protein E facilitates the transport of Substrate B back into the axon terminal of Neuron X. 4. **Substrate B is Recycled to Produce Neurotransmitter (Step 4):** - Process F involves the recycling of Substrate B, which combines with another component to reform the neurotransmitter. **Diagram Legend:** - **Substrate A:** Neurotransmitter before release. - **Substrate B:** Component of the neurotransmitter after breakdown (choline). - **Enzyme D:** Breaks down the neurotransmitter (e.g., acetylcholinesterase). - **Protein E:** Involved in the reuptake of Substrate B. - **Receptor C:** Post-synaptic receptor. - **Process F:** Recycling mechanism for Substrate B to reform neurotransmitter. Given the involved steps and substances in acetylcholine metabolism within cholinergic neurons, **Substrate B** in this context is **choline**.
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