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Substance Mass (g) MW (g/mol) Mmol Equivalents OW: Sulfanilic acid 2-Naphthol NaNO2 Acid Orange 0.017 0.014 0.006 173.2 144.16 68.99 350, 32 0.1 0.1 0.1

Substance Mass (g) MW (g/mol) Mmol Equivalents OW: Sulfanilic acid 2-Naphthol NaNO2 Acid Orange 0.017 0.014 0.006 173.2 144.16 68.99 350, 32 0.1 0.1 0.1

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Fill in the reagents table below: Substance Sulfanilic acid 2-Naphthol NaNO2 Acid Orange Mass (g) 0.017 0.014 0.006 MW (g/mol) Mmol 173.2 144.16 68.99 350, 32 0.1 0.1 0.1 Equivalents
Transcribed Image Text:Fill in the reagents table below: Substance Sulfanilic acid 2-Naphthol NaNO2 Acid Orange Mass (g) 0.017 0.014 0.006 MW (g/mol) Mmol 173.2 144.16 68.99 350, 32 0.1 0.1 0.1 Equivalents
To a dry mortar and pestle add the three starting materials and gently mix the solids. Do not pound dry nitrate salts as they pose a danger of explosion. Rather, use a circular motion to grind the materials. Add a very small drop of water using a glass pipette and then grind the materials slowly using circular motions to pulverize the crystals for 10 min. Note any observations. You should obtain a wet powder. If you obtained a paste, you have added too much water and would have to let the product dry in air before proceeding. Add ethyl acetate (5 mL) to the dry powder and continue to grind to dissolve any unreacted starting material. Assemble a vacuum filtration with a Hirsh funnel wetted with ethyl acetate. When you are ready, turn the vacuum on and transfer the reaction mixture using a glass pipette to the center of the filter paper. Use additional ethyl acetate (3 mL) to transfer the entirety of the product from the mortar, as well as to wash the product. Discard the filtrate in the organic waste bottle and let the precipitate air-dry for 15 min. The product is water soluble and somewhat hygroscopic, avoid its exposure to humidity. Weigh the solids to obtain the percent yield and determine its melting point. Note that although the product was purified of the organic starting materials by the ethyl acetate wash, there may be unreacted sodium nitrite left. For the purposes of this lab, we will assume that all of the nitrite reacted. However, to fully purify the product, the dye may be washed with saturated sodium chloride solution followed by cold methanol. Characterization Obtain a UV-Vis spectrum of your product by dissolving 10 mg Acid Orange in 100 mL distilled water using a volumetric flask. Calculate the molarity of this solution. Next, take 10 mL of this solution and dilute it with 100 mL of water using a volumetric flask. Transfer the solutions in labeled beakers so others may use the volumetric flask. Use M1V1= M2V2 to calculate the concentration of the second solution. Follow instructions on how to run the UV-Vis spectrometer. Briefly, run a blank sample in water. Place your sample in a cuvette using a pipette. The reading on the y-axis must be between 0.2 - 1.0 absorption units, otherwise your sample is too dilute or concentrated. Note the maxima of the peaks observed, both in wavelength and absorption units (A). Calculate the molar absorptivity at the maximum wavelength (max) by using Beer's Law equation, & = A*b*c where & is the molar absoprtivity, A is the absortion, and c is the molar concentration. Of course, more than one concentration must be measured to get an accurate result. For the purposes of this lab, a single measurement will suffice. Print your spectrum and this attach to your laboratory report.
Transcribed Image Text:To a dry mortar and pestle add the three starting materials and gently mix the solids. Do not pound dry nitrate salts as they pose a danger of explosion. Rather, use a circular motion to grind the materials. Add a very small drop of water using a glass pipette and then grind the materials slowly using circular motions to pulverize the crystals for 10 min. Note any observations. You should obtain a wet powder. If you obtained a paste, you have added too much water and would have to let the product dry in air before proceeding. Add ethyl acetate (5 mL) to the dry powder and continue to grind to dissolve any unreacted starting material. Assemble a vacuum filtration with a Hirsh funnel wetted with ethyl acetate. When you are ready, turn the vacuum on and transfer the reaction mixture using a glass pipette to the center of the filter paper. Use additional ethyl acetate (3 mL) to transfer the entirety of the product from the mortar, as well as to wash the product. Discard the filtrate in the organic waste bottle and let the precipitate air-dry for 15 min. The product is water soluble and somewhat hygroscopic, avoid its exposure to humidity. Weigh the solids to obtain the percent yield and determine its melting point. Note that although the product was purified of the organic starting materials by the ethyl acetate wash, there may be unreacted sodium nitrite left. For the purposes of this lab, we will assume that all of the nitrite reacted. However, to fully purify the product, the dye may be washed with saturated sodium chloride solution followed by cold methanol. Characterization Obtain a UV-Vis spectrum of your product by dissolving 10 mg Acid Orange in 100 mL distilled water using a volumetric flask. Calculate the molarity of this solution. Next, take 10 mL of this solution and dilute it with 100 mL of water using a volumetric flask. Transfer the solutions in labeled beakers so others may use the volumetric flask. Use M1V1= M2V2 to calculate the concentration of the second solution. Follow instructions on how to run the UV-Vis spectrometer. Briefly, run a blank sample in water. Place your sample in a cuvette using a pipette. The reading on the y-axis must be between 0.2 - 1.0 absorption units, otherwise your sample is too dilute or concentrated. Note the maxima of the peaks observed, both in wavelength and absorption units (A). Calculate the molar absorptivity at the maximum wavelength (max) by using Beer's Law equation, & = A*b*c where & is the molar absoprtivity, A is the absortion, and c is the molar concentration. Of course, more than one concentration must be measured to get an accurate result. For the purposes of this lab, a single measurement will suffice. Print your spectrum and this attach to your laboratory report.
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