Step 1: Description of the Organization Let's consider a business organization that sells computer parts. This organization takes orders from customers and sells various computer parts like processors, RAM, hard drives, etc. The organization maintains an inventory of its stock and ensures that it does not run out of stock. If the stock of any item goes below a certain threshold, the organization reorders the item from its supplier. Step 2: Report Layout The report or order should include the order ID, customer ID, date of order, and line items. Each line item should include the part number, description, quantity ordered, and price. The total amount for the order should also be included at the end of the report. Step 3: Identification of Entities and Attributes The entities in this scenario are Customer, Order, Line Item, and Inventory. The attributes for each entity are as follows: Customer: Customer ID, Name, Address, Contact Number. Order: Order ID, Customer ID, Date. Line Item: Line Item ID, Order ID, Part Number, Quantity, Price. Inventory: Part Number, Description, Quantity in Stock, Threshold, Reorder Amount, Price. Step 4: E-R Diagram An E-R diagram can be drawn with the entities and their attributes. The Customer entity is linked to the Order entity through a one-to-many relationship, as one customer can place multiple orders. The Order entity is linked to the Line Item entity through a one-to-many relationship, as one order can have multiple line items. The Line Item entity is linked to the Inventory entity through a one-to-one relationship, as each line item corresponds to one inventory item. Step 5: Conversion to Schema The E-R diagram can be converted into a schema for a collection of tables. Each entity becomes a table, and each attribute becomes a column in the table. The relationships between the entities are represented by foreign keys. The types, constraints, keys, and referential integrity should be specified for each table.

Step 1: Description of the Organization Let's consider a business organization that sells computer parts. This organization takes orders from customers and sells various computer parts like processors, RAM, hard drives, etc. The organization maintains an inventory of its stock and ensures that it does not run out of stock. If the stock of any item goes below a certain threshold, the organization reorders the item from its supplier. Step 2: Report Layout The report or order should include the order ID, customer ID, date of order, and line items. Each line item should include the part number, description, quantity ordered, and price. The total amount for the order should also be included at the end of the report. Step 3: Identification of Entities and Attributes The entities in this scenario are Customer, Order, Line Item, and Inventory. The attributes for each entity are as follows: Customer: Customer ID, Name, Address, Contact Number. Order: Order ID, Customer ID, Date. Line Item: Line Item ID, Order ID, Part Number, Quantity, Price. Inventory: Part Number, Description, Quantity in Stock, Threshold, Reorder Amount, Price. Step 4: E-R Diagram An E-R diagram can be drawn with the entities and their attributes. The Customer entity is linked to the Order entity through a one-to-many relationship, as one customer can place multiple orders. The Order entity is linked to the Line Item entity through a one-to-many relationship, as one order can have multiple line items. The Line Item entity is linked to the Inventory entity through a one-to-one relationship, as each line item corresponds to one inventory item. Step 5: Conversion to Schema The E-R diagram can be converted into a schema for a collection of tables. Each entity becomes a table, and each attribute becomes a column in the table. The relationships between the entities are represented by foreign keys. The types, constraints, keys, and referential integrity should be specified for each table.