Station Backsight (m) Foresight (m) Distance (m) Concrete B.M. TP1 2.052 4.201 3.296 1791 Unknown B.M. 0.952 2482 6.388 Control Point 1.586 1346

Structural Analysis
6th Edition
ISBN:9781337630931
Author:KASSIMALI, Aslam.
Publisher:KASSIMALI, Aslam.
Chapter2: Loads On Structures
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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Surveying Question:

A differential leveling circuit starts at benchmark Concrete Benchmark (Elevation=232.051m) goes out to an unknown benchmark and then continues to a known control point (Elevation=227.975m). Two turning points are used with the measurements included in the attached table.

  • Determine the elevation of the unknown benchmark 
  • Determine the order and class of the survey.

For First order Class 1:

  • Allowable Error= +/- 4(K)1/2
  • Range of Constant= m less than/equal to 4

For First Order Class 2:

  • Allowable error= +/- 5(K)1/2
  • Range of constant= m greater than/equal to 4, and m less than equal to 5 (between 4 and 5)

For Second Order Class 1: 

  • Allowable error = +/- 6(K)1/2
  • Range of Constant = m greater than/equal to 5, and m less than equal to 6 (between 5 and 6)

For Second Order Class 2:

  • Allowable error = +/- 8(K)1/2
  • Range of Constant = m greater than/equal to 6, and m less than equal to 8 (between 6 and 8)

For Third Order, Any Class:

  • Allowable Error = +/-12(K)1/2
  • Range of Constant = m greater than/equal to 8 and m less than/equal to 12 (between 8 and 12)
Station
Backsight (m) Foresight (m) Distance (m)
Concrete B.M.
TP1
2.052
4.201
3.296
1791
Unknown B.M.
0.952
2482
6.388
Control Point
1.586
1346
Transcribed Image Text:Station Backsight (m) Foresight (m) Distance (m) Concrete B.M. TP1 2.052 4.201 3.296 1791 Unknown B.M. 0.952 2482 6.388 Control Point 1.586 1346
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