Statement of Cash Flows-Direct Method The comparative balance sheet of Canace Products Inc. for December 31, 20Y6 and 20Y5, is as follows: Dec. 31, 20Y6 Dec. 31, 20Y5 Assets Cash Accounts receivable (net) Inventories Investments Land Equipment Accumulated depreciation-equipment Total assets Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity Accounts payable Accrued expenses payable Dividends payable Common stock, $10 par Paid-in capital: Excess of issue price over par-common stock Depreciation expense $6,920 $270,210 97,890 276,340 Retained earnings Total liabilities and stockholders' equity The income statement for the year ended December 31, 20Y6, is as follows: Sales $1,424,590 Cost of merchandise sold 586,600 Gross profit $837,990 Operating expenses: 750.000 0 141,730 304,880 (71,380) $1,019,670 $184,560 18,350 10,200 55,060 206,990 544,510 $1,019,670 $254,260 91,320 270,360 104,750 0 239,040 (64,460) $895,270 $176,370 23,280 8,060 43,870 121,760 521,930 $895,270
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
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