State whether the function is a probability mass function or not. If not, explain why not. p={(9,0.9).(10,-0.4).(11,0.5)) Select all that apply. A. p is a probability mass function. B. p is not a probability mass function because it does not satisfy the third condition of probability mass functions.
State whether the function is a probability mass function or not. If not, explain why not. p={(9,0.9).(10,-0.4).(11,0.5)) Select all that apply. A. p is a probability mass function. B. p is not a probability mass function because it does not satisfy the third condition of probability mass functions.
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
6th Edition
ISBN:9781119256830
Author:Amos Gilat
Publisher:Amos Gilat
Chapter1: Starting With Matlab
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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![### Probability Mass Function Determination
**Question:**
State whether the function is a probability mass function or not. If not, explain why not.
Given function:
\[ p = \{(9, 0.9), (10, -0.4), (11, 0.5)\} \]
---
**Options:**
- [ ] **A.** \( p \) is a probability mass function.
- [ ] **B.** \( p \) is not a probability mass function because it does not satisfy the third condition of probability mass functions.
- [ ] **C.** \( p \) is not a probability mass function because it does not satisfy the second condition of probability mass functions.
- [ ] **D.** \( p \) is not a probability mass function because it does not satisfy the first condition of probability mass functions.
---
### Explanation:
A probability mass function (PMF) should satisfy the following conditions:
1. **Non-negativity:** Each probability \( p(x) \) must be greater than or equal to zero.
2. **Normalization:** The sum of all probabilities \( \sum p(x) \) must be equal to 1.
3. **Discrete values:** The function is defined for discrete values of the random variable.
For the given function \( p \):
- The pair (9, 0.9) assigns a probability of 0.9 to value 9.
- The pair (10, -0.4) assigns a probability of -0.4 to value 10.
- The pair (11, 0.5) assigns a probability of 0.5 to value 11.
To determine if \( p \) is a valid PMF, let's check these conditions:
1. **Non-negativity:** The probability assigned to the value 10 is -0.4, which is negative. This violates the first condition.
2. **Normalization:** The sum of probabilities is \( 0.9 + (-0.4) + 0.5 = 1.0 \). This satisfies the second condition.
3. **Discrete values:** The function is defined for discrete values, satisfying the third condition.
Since the first condition is not satisfied, \( p \) is not a probability mass function. Therefore, the correct answer is:
- [ ] A. \( p \) is a probability mass function.
- [ ] B. \( p \) is](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F8bde779e-c68e-4dd4-a0b8-70b65f5ae251%2F645ad64f-bd6b-4386-85e0-47be471bcb1f%2Fsleqlr_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:### Probability Mass Function Determination
**Question:**
State whether the function is a probability mass function or not. If not, explain why not.
Given function:
\[ p = \{(9, 0.9), (10, -0.4), (11, 0.5)\} \]
---
**Options:**
- [ ] **A.** \( p \) is a probability mass function.
- [ ] **B.** \( p \) is not a probability mass function because it does not satisfy the third condition of probability mass functions.
- [ ] **C.** \( p \) is not a probability mass function because it does not satisfy the second condition of probability mass functions.
- [ ] **D.** \( p \) is not a probability mass function because it does not satisfy the first condition of probability mass functions.
---
### Explanation:
A probability mass function (PMF) should satisfy the following conditions:
1. **Non-negativity:** Each probability \( p(x) \) must be greater than or equal to zero.
2. **Normalization:** The sum of all probabilities \( \sum p(x) \) must be equal to 1.
3. **Discrete values:** The function is defined for discrete values of the random variable.
For the given function \( p \):
- The pair (9, 0.9) assigns a probability of 0.9 to value 9.
- The pair (10, -0.4) assigns a probability of -0.4 to value 10.
- The pair (11, 0.5) assigns a probability of 0.5 to value 11.
To determine if \( p \) is a valid PMF, let's check these conditions:
1. **Non-negativity:** The probability assigned to the value 10 is -0.4, which is negative. This violates the first condition.
2. **Normalization:** The sum of probabilities is \( 0.9 + (-0.4) + 0.5 = 1.0 \). This satisfies the second condition.
3. **Discrete values:** The function is defined for discrete values, satisfying the third condition.
Since the first condition is not satisfied, \( p \) is not a probability mass function. Therefore, the correct answer is:
- [ ] A. \( p \) is a probability mass function.
- [ ] B. \( p \) is
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