State the main difference between the following study designs in one sentence (focus on the exposure-outcome relationship): a. Randomized controlled trials and Clinical Crossover Trials b. Observational and experimental studies c. Prospective and retrospective cohort studies
State the main difference between the following study designs in one sentence (focus on the exposure-outcome relationship):
a. Randomized controlled trials and Clinical Crossover Trials
b. Observational and experimental studies
c. Prospective and retrospective cohort studies
a
A randomised controlled trial is a type of impact assessment wherein the population getting the programs or policy interventions is chosen randomly from the eligible population, and the control group is also chosen randomly from the same eligible population. It assesses the extent to which specific, pre-planned effects are realised. One of its virtues is that it gives a powerful response to problems of causation, allowing evaluators and implementers to know that the outcomes are the consequence of the intervention and nothing else.
Crossover trials are studies in which participants get many interventions rather than just one, and the effects of the therapies are assessed on the same people. Participants receive a series of interventions, according to another definition.
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