State the location of node of Ranvier.
The nervous system is a complex system of nerves and specialised cells known as neurons.
The nervous system comprises the central nervous system (consists of brain and spinal cord), the peripheral nervous system (consisting of cranial nerves, spinal nerves and peripheral nerves with motor and sensory endings).
- The central nervous system sorts, integrates the received information from nerve cells and controls the activity of all parts of the body.
- The peripheral nervous system has the function of connecting the central nervous system to the organs and different parts of the body.
Neurons are the basic unit of the nervous system and are responsible for transmitting information to nerve cells, muscle or gland cells. The basic structure of neurons include the cell body, an axon, and dendrites.
Most neurons receive signals at the dendrites and soma (cell body) and they send this signal to other neurons through the axon.
Neurons are classified into three types based on its function.
- Sensory neurons respond to external stimuli like light, sound, touch and are present majorly in the sensory organs of the body. After receiving the stimuli they send signals to the spinal cord or brain.
- Motor neurons receive signals from the brain and spinal cord and control muscular movement and gland secretion of the body.
- Interneurons connect neurons to other neurons within the same region of the brain or spinal cord.
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