Starcups Coffee Company is launching a new sustainability initiative that would reward customers for purchasing a reusable cup. During the cup promotion, customers would pay an extra $1.00 for the reusable cup and would receive a 20% discount each time they return with the cup to buy a cup of coffee. Each week Starcups serves 46,000 customers who purchase an average of 3.00 cups of coffee per week (138,000 cups total). Starcups's contribution margin income statement for a typical week is shown below: Units Per Unit 138,000 138,000 Total Sales Revenue Variable Cost Contribution Margin $5.20 $717,600 289,800 $3.10 $427,800 2.10 138,000 Fixed Costs 106,000 Net Operating Income $321,800 Assume the new cup promotion is expected to impact sales volume, revenue, fixed, and variable costs as follows: • Starcups estimates that 30% of its current customers (13,800) will participate in the promotion. The remainder of its existing customer base (32,200) will continue to buy an average of 3.00 cups of coffee per week.
Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis
Cost Volume Profit (CVP) analysis is a cost accounting method that analyses the effect of fluctuating cost and volume on the operating profit. Also known as break-even analysis, CVP determines the break-even point for varying volumes of sales and cost structures. This information helps the managers make economic decisions on a short-term basis. CVP analysis is based on many assumptions. Sales price, variable costs, and fixed costs per unit are assumed to be constant. The analysis also assumes that all units produced are sold and costs get impacted due to changes in activities. All costs incurred by the company like administrative, manufacturing, and selling costs are identified as either fixed or variable.
Marginal Costing
Marginal cost is defined as the change in the total cost which takes place when one additional unit of a product is manufactured. The marginal cost is influenced only by the variations which generally occur in the variable costs because the fixed costs remain the same irrespective of the output produced. The concept of marginal cost is used for product pricing when the customers want the lowest possible price for a certain number of orders. There is no accounting entry for marginal cost and it is only used by the management for taking effective decisions.
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