Standard ASTM A 615 Reinforcing Bars #3 through #8 have diameters that correspond to their bar # divided by 8 to represent 8th of an inch, (i.e. a #5 bar is 5/8 = 0.625- inch in diameter). Please explain why this is not true for bar sizes #9 through #18 and instead explain what this sizing system is based off of. For example, explain why a #11 bar has a diameter of 1.410-inches as opposed to the expected 11/8 = 1.375-inches. Refer to either the textbooks or Appendix B of ACI 318 for the list of standard bar sizes

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Bars

In civil engineering, bars refer to steel reinforcement bars or rebars. These are structural members primarily used for reinforcement purposes in masonry works. A bar is characterized by its cross-sectional area, which is negligible compared to its length. Bars are usually manufactured by steel which is uniform throughout the length, or by meshing multiple steel wires. Other materials of the bar include carbon steel, glass fiber, carbon fiber, and basalt fiber. The reinforcing bars are coated with epoxy resins and other materials to enhance some of their properties including corrosion resistance.