Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Question

Transcribed Image Text:Next fill out the following table noting how many derived traits are shared for each pair of ingroup species.
Species A Species B Species C Species D Species E Species F
Species A
Species B
X
X
Species C
X
X
X
Species D
X
Species E
X
X
Species F
X
X
X
X
Use the above matrix to draw a cladogram depicting the phylogenetic relationships among all seven species. Start
by grouping the pairs that have the most shared derived traits and then linking groups together. This is difficult to
describe so look at the example matrix and cladogram below and then just give it a try, and ask for help if you get
stuck. We will go through this as a group before lab is over to make sure everyone understands. Look at the
hypothetical example first.
Phylogenetic Systematics
Page 5
Example Matrix Of Shared Derived Traits:
Species Species Species Species
A
В
C
D
Species A
Species B
Species C
Species D
1
1
3
X
Building a cladogram from above matrix:
Step 1. Species C and D share the most derived traits so link them together
D
Step 2. Species B shares 2 derived traits with C and D, but only 1 with A. A shares 1 with C and D, so
the next step is to group B with C and D.
B
C
D
Step 3. Add the remaining species (A) to the group
A
B
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