Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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![### Weak Acids and Weak Bases Data Overview
Consider the following data on some weak acids and weak bases:
#### Weak Acids:
| **Name** | **Formula** | **Ka** |
|-------------------|--------------|-----------------|
| Acetic Acid | HCH₃CO₂ | 1.8 × 10⁻⁵ |
| Hydrocyanic Acid | HCN | 4.9 × 10⁻¹⁰ |
#### Weak Bases:
| **Name** | **Formula** | **Kb** |
|------------|------------------|-----------------|
| Aniline | C₆H₅NH₂ | 4.3 × 10⁻¹⁰ |
| Ammonia | NH₃ | 1.8 × 10⁻⁵ |
### pH Ranking Task:
Using this data, rank the following solutions in order of increasing pH. In other words, select a '1' next to the solution that will have the lowest pH, a '2' next to the solution that will have the next lowest pH, and so on.
| **Solution** | **pH** |
|--------------------------|-----------------------------|
| 0.1 M NH₄Cl | [ Dropdown: 1 (lowest), 2, 3, 4 (highest) ] |
| 0.1 M NaCN | [ Dropdown: 1 (lowest), 2, 3, 4 (highest) ] |
| 0.1 M KCl | [ Dropdown: 1 (lowest), 2, 3, 4 (highest) ] |
| 0.1 M C₆H₅NH₃Br | [ Dropdown: 1 (lowest), 2, 3, 4 (highest) ] |
### Explanation of Data Tables:
- **Ka (Acidity constant)**: A measure of the strength of a weak acid in solution. The smaller the Ka value, the weaker the acid.
- **Kb (Basicity constant)**: A measure of the strength of a weak base in solution. The smaller the Kb value, the weaker the base.
### Solution Ranking Logic:
- Solutions with species that do not hydrolyze (e.g., KCl) typically have neutral pH](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F1c542873-90da-4d8f-af03-4e4a6198699f%2F010c91bc-9a74-468a-ac97-02218f9eaa7d%2Fcrn9gvl_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:### Weak Acids and Weak Bases Data Overview
Consider the following data on some weak acids and weak bases:
#### Weak Acids:
| **Name** | **Formula** | **Ka** |
|-------------------|--------------|-----------------|
| Acetic Acid | HCH₃CO₂ | 1.8 × 10⁻⁵ |
| Hydrocyanic Acid | HCN | 4.9 × 10⁻¹⁰ |
#### Weak Bases:
| **Name** | **Formula** | **Kb** |
|------------|------------------|-----------------|
| Aniline | C₆H₅NH₂ | 4.3 × 10⁻¹⁰ |
| Ammonia | NH₃ | 1.8 × 10⁻⁵ |
### pH Ranking Task:
Using this data, rank the following solutions in order of increasing pH. In other words, select a '1' next to the solution that will have the lowest pH, a '2' next to the solution that will have the next lowest pH, and so on.
| **Solution** | **pH** |
|--------------------------|-----------------------------|
| 0.1 M NH₄Cl | [ Dropdown: 1 (lowest), 2, 3, 4 (highest) ] |
| 0.1 M NaCN | [ Dropdown: 1 (lowest), 2, 3, 4 (highest) ] |
| 0.1 M KCl | [ Dropdown: 1 (lowest), 2, 3, 4 (highest) ] |
| 0.1 M C₆H₅NH₃Br | [ Dropdown: 1 (lowest), 2, 3, 4 (highest) ] |
### Explanation of Data Tables:
- **Ka (Acidity constant)**: A measure of the strength of a weak acid in solution. The smaller the Ka value, the weaker the acid.
- **Kb (Basicity constant)**: A measure of the strength of a weak base in solution. The smaller the Kb value, the weaker the base.
### Solution Ranking Logic:
- Solutions with species that do not hydrolyze (e.g., KCl) typically have neutral pH
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