Answered: Smoke-Free Legislation and Asthma…

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Smoke-Free Legislation and Asthma

Hospital admissions for asthma in children younger than 15 years was studied²² in Scotland both before and after comprehensive smoke-free legislation was passed in March 2006. Monthly records were kept of the annualized percent change in asthma admissions. For the sample studied, before the legislation, admissions for asthma were increasing at a mean rate of 5.2% per year. The standard error for this estimate is 0.7% per year. After the legislation, admissions were decreasing at a mean rate of 18.2% per year, with a standard error for this mean of 1.79%. In both cases, the sample size is large enough to use a normal distribution.

(a)

Find and interpret a 95% confidence interval for the mean annual percent rate of change in childhood asthma hospital admissions in Scotland before the smoke-free legislation.

(b)

Find a 95% confidence interval for the same quantity after the legislation.

(c)

Is this an experiment or an observational study?

(d)

The evidence is quite compelling. Can we conclude cause and effect?

Features Features Normal distribution is characterized by two parameters, mean (µ) and standard deviation (σ). When graphed, the mean represents the center of the bell curve and the graph is perfectly symmetric about the center. The mean, median, and mode are all equal for a normal distribution. The standard deviation measures the data's spread from the center. The higher the standard deviation, the more the data is spread out and the flatter the bell curve looks. Variance is another commonly used measure of the spread of the distribution and is equal to the square of the standard deviation.

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