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SmartFigure 16.4 Hertzsprung-Russell diagram Astronomers use these diagrams to study stellar evolution by plotted stars according to their temperatures and luminosi- ties (absolute magnitudes). Stellar temperatures are given in kelvins (K); to convert to degrees Celsius (°C), subtract 273. (goo Spectral class G K M -10 A 1000 solar diameters 1,000,000 Bright stars 100 solar diameters SUPERGIANTS Betelgeus Rigel T0 solar diameters 10,000 g/5Auwf6) Spica Polaris Tutorial GIANTS Life time 10 millon years 1 solar diameter Main sequence stars 100 Sirius 1/10 solar diameter Life time 1 billon years Sun Life time 10 billion years 1/100 solar dia meter +10 Life time 100 billion years 0.01 Sirius B WHITE DWARFS Proxima Centauri 1/1000 solar diameter +15 0.0001 Dim stars +20 3500 2500 5000 10,000 Surface temperature (K) 7000 0.000001 30,000 20,000 14,000 Lum inosity (sun = 1) T 12 Absolute magnitude

SmartFigure 16.4 Hertzsprung-Russell diagram Astronomers use these diagrams to study stellar evolution by plotted stars according to their temperatures and luminosi- ties (absolute magnitudes). Stellar temperatures are given in kelvins (K); to convert to degrees Celsius (°C), subtract 273. (goo Spectral class G K M -10 A 1000 solar diameters 1,000,000 Bright stars 100 solar diameters SUPERGIANTS Betelgeus Rigel T0 solar diameters 10,000 g/5Auwf6) Spica Polaris Tutorial GIANTS Life time 10 millon years 1 solar diameter Main sequence stars 100 Sirius 1/10 solar diameter Life time 1 billon years Sun Life time 10 billion years 1/100 solar dia meter +10 Life time 100 billion years 0.01 Sirius B WHITE DWARFS Proxima Centauri 1/1000 solar diameter +15 0.0001 Dim stars +20 3500 2500 5000 10,000 Surface temperature (K) 7000 0.000001 30,000 20,000 14,000 Lum inosity (sun = 1) T 12 Absolute magnitude

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN:9780134746241
Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals
Section: Chapter Questions
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Use the information provided below about three main-sequence stars
(A, B, and C) and Figure 16.4 to complete and explain your reasoning
for the following:
• Star A has a main-sequence life span of 5 billion years.
• Star B has the same luminosity (absolute magnitude) as the Sun.
• Star C has a surface temperature of 5000 K.
a. Rank the mass of these stars from greatest to least.
b. Rank the energy output of these stars from greatest to least.
c. Rank the main-sequence life span of these stars from longest to
shortest.

SmartFigure 16.4 Hertzsprung-Russell diagram Astronomers use these diagrams to study stellar evolution by plotted stars according to their temperatures and luminosi- ties (absolute magnitudes). Stellar temperatures are given in kelvins (K); to convert to degrees Celsius (°C), subtract 273. (goo Spectral class G K M -10 A 1000 solar diameters 1,000,000 Bright stars 100 solar diameters SUPERGIANTS Betelgeus Rigel T0 solar diameters 10,000 g/5Auwf6) Spica Polaris Tutorial GIANTS Life time 10 millon years 1 solar diameter Main sequence stars 100 Sirius 1/10 solar diameter Life time 1 billon years Sun Life time 10 billion years 1/100 solar dia meter +10 Life time 100 billion years 0.01 Sirius B WHITE DWARFS Proxima Centauri 1/1000 solar diameter +15 0.0001 Dim stars +20 3500 2500 5000 10,000 Surface temperature (K) 7000 0.000001 30,000 20,000 14,000 Lum inosity (sun = 1) T 12 Absolute magnitude
Transcribed Image Text:SmartFigure 16.4 Hertzsprung-Russell diagram Astronomers use these diagrams to study stellar evolution by plotted stars according to their temperatures and luminosi- ties (absolute magnitudes). Stellar temperatures are given in kelvins (K); to convert to degrees Celsius (°C), subtract 273. (goo Spectral class G K M -10 A 1000 solar diameters 1,000,000 Bright stars 100 solar diameters SUPERGIANTS Betelgeus Rigel T0 solar diameters 10,000 g/5Auwf6) Spica Polaris Tutorial GIANTS Life time 10 millon years 1 solar diameter Main sequence stars 100 Sirius 1/10 solar diameter Life time 1 billon years Sun Life time 10 billion years 1/100 solar dia meter +10 Life time 100 billion years 0.01 Sirius B WHITE DWARFS Proxima Centauri 1/1000 solar diameter +15 0.0001 Dim stars +20 3500 2500 5000 10,000 Surface temperature (K) 7000 0.000001 30,000 20,000 14,000 Lum inosity (sun = 1) T 12 Absolute magnitude
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