Show the following: (a) p ∧ t ≡ p, where t is a tautology. (b) p ∧ c ≡ c, where c is a contradiction. (c) ∼ t ≡ c and ∼ c ≡ t, where t is a tautology and c is a contradcition. (d) p ∨ p ≡ p and p ∧ p ≡ p.

Database System Concepts
7th Edition
ISBN:9780078022159
Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Chapter1: Introduction
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Show the following:
(a) p ∧ t ≡ p, where t is a tautology.
(b) p ∧ c ≡ c, where c is a contradiction.
(c) ∼ t ≡ c and ∼ c ≡ t, where t is a tautology and c is a contradcition. (d) p ∨ p ≡ p and p ∧ p ≡ p.

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A tautology is assertion that is always true for all possible chances. A contradiction is an assertion that is always false for all possible chances.

let’s prove through truth tables.

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