**Title: Detailed Mechanism of Amide Hydrolysis****Introduction:**This educational resource explains the arrow-pushing mechanism for the hydrolysis of an amide, illustrating the transformation of a sulfonamide compound under acidic conditions and heat.**Reaction Overview:**The given reaction shows a sulfonamide compound as a substrate, which undergoes hydrolysis in the presence of hydronium ions (\( \text{H}_3\text{O}^+ \)) and heat (\( \Delta \)) to form an aromatic amine.**Reactants and Product:**- **Reactant:** - An aromatic sulfonamide with the structure: - A benzene ring attached to a sulfonamide group (\( \text{SO}_2\text{NH} \)) and an acetamide group (\( \text{NHCOCH}_3 \)). - **Product:** - An aromatic amine where the acetamide group is replaced with an amine group (\( \text{NH}_2 \)).**Mechanism:**1. **Protonation:** - The carbonyl oxygen of the acetamide group is protonated by hydronium ions, increasing the electrophilicity of the carbonyl carbon.2. **Nucleophilic Attack:** - Water acts as a nucleophile and attacks the carbonyl carbon, leading to the formation of a tetrahedral intermediate.3. **Deprotonation & Collapse:** - The tetrahedral intermediate collapses, expelling the amine, and forming a carboxylic acid intermediate.4. **Final Product Formation:** - The carboxylic acid intermediate is deprotonated to stabilize the product, resulting in the aromatic amine.**Conclusion:**This mechanism exemplifies typical steps involved in acid-catalyzed amide hydrolysis, including protonation, nucleophilic attack, and expulsion of a leaving group. Understanding these steps aids in grasping the fundamental concept of hydrolysis reactions in organic chemistry.

The first step in acid-catalyzed amide hydrolysis is the protonation of the carbonyl oxygen atom of…

Answered: Show the detailed arrow pushing…

Science

Chemistry

Show the detailed arrow pushing mechanism for the following amide hydrolysis. NH H,O* NH2 H2N H2N

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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