Show that x is not a generator of the cyclic group (Z3[x]/<x3 +2x + 2>)*. Find one such generator.

Advanced Engineering Mathematics
10th Edition
ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
Publisher:Erwin Kreyszig
Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
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Show that x is not a generator of the cyclic group (Z3[x]/<x3 +
2x + 2>)*. Find one such generator.

Expert Solution
Step 1

Consider the given cyclic group,

Z3x/x3+2x+2*

It can be observe that x3+2x+2 has no zero in Z3.

So, x3+2x+2 is irreducible over Z3.

Let α be a zero of x3+2x+2 in some extension field.

So, Z3αZ3x/x3+2x+2.

then it confirms that Z3x/x3+2x+2=3.

Step 2

Consequently, Z3x/x3+2x+2=GF33

in other words, Z3x/x3+2x+2*GF27*Z26.

In Z3x/x3+2x+2, it can be seen that x3=-2x-2=x+1. So,

x13=x34x=x+14x=x+13x+1x=x3+1x+1x

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