Genetic Variation
Genetic variation refers to the variation in the genome sequences between individual organisms of a species. Individual differences or population differences can both be referred to as genetic variations. It is primarily caused by mutation, but other factors such as genetic drift and sexual reproduction also play a major role.
Quantitative Genetics
Quantitative genetics is the part of genetics that deals with the continuous trait, where the expression of various genes influences the phenotypes. Thus genes are expressed together to produce a trait with continuous variability. This is unlike the classical traits or qualitative traits, where each trait is controlled by the expression of a single or very few genes to produce a discontinuous variation.
Show how mutation and meiosis lead to
Genetic variation is defined as the dissimilarity in the sequence of the DNA molecule in a population. Variations in the gene pool can be observed at multiple levels and can be induced by factors like mutation, SINEs, LINEs, endogenous retroviruses, transposable elements, meiosis, and mutation.
A mutation is defined as the change in the sequence (either due to substitution, deletion or addition of nucleotides) of a DNA molecule due to errors during DNA replication or other environmental factors like UV rays. Any change due to mutation in the coding region of the DNA will be passed down the expression pathway through RNAs or proteins. RNAs and proteins act as the functional element and any change in their orientation or sequence (due to change in the DNA sequence) may render them non-functional or they may function abnormally.
Changes in the DNA sequence of germ cells will be passed down to the next generation and thus will be accumulated in the gene pool over generations leading to variation in the genetic makeup of the species.
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