Sex-reversed females with XY were found to be missing SRY gene on their Y chromosomes, while sex-reversed males with XX were found to carry a portion of a Y chromosome that has the SRY gene. What can you conclude from these two cases? 1.Sex determination depends primarily on the combination of sex chromosomes and the presence of SRY gene.  2.X and Y chromosomes can’t pair up during meiosis because they are not true homologous chromosomes.  3.Nonreciprocal crossover could result in translocation of the SRY gene between X and Y chromosome. 4. The SRY gene has a key role to determine maleness.  5.The Y chromosome contains a gene that determine maleness.

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Mitochondrial Mutations

A mitochondrion is a cellular organelle that serves as the site for cellular respiration and energy production (ATP or Adenosine Triphosphate). It is a double-membrane-bound organelle and is only present in eukaryotic cells.