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Seismic reflection data was collected over a horizontal strata. The data is shown in table 1. Offset x (m) Reflection 1 (ms) 21.4 Reflection 2 (ms) 62.3 Reflection 3 (ms) 79.4 3 6 9 12 62.5 62.9 79.5 79.6 79.9 80.1 27 15 18 21 70.4 77.6 25 30.1 36.1 42.5 49.2 56.2 63.3 63.4 64 64.8 65.7 66.7 67.8 69.1 80.5 80.9 81.3 81.8 82.4 24 30 33 36 84.9 92.2 70.4 71.9 83 83.7 Table 1. Seismic reflection data The Poisson's ratio of the layers from the uppermost to lowest was found to be 0.250, 0.333, and 0.270, respectively. The relationship between Poisson's ratio, v, and P (Vp) and S-wave (Vs) velocity is given by: y = · 2 2 2 -2 Assuming the speeds are constant throughout each layer: (a) Calculate the P-wave angle of incident (is) required in the first layer that will result in a P-wave critical angle of incident (ic) at the interface between the second and third layers. [15 marks] (b) Draw a diagram showing all the waves produced when this P-wave with is interacts at the boundaries between first and second layers, and second and third layers. (5 marks] (c) Considering only the first and second layers, calculate the resultant angles from the incident P-waves (that was calculated in part (a)). ireident is ip [5 marks]

Seismic reflection data was collected over a horizontal strata. The data is shown in table 1. Offset x (m) Reflection 1 (ms) 21.4 Reflection 2 (ms) 62.3 Reflection 3 (ms) 79.4 3 6 9 12 62.5 62.9 79.5 79.6 79.9 80.1 27 15 18 21 70.4 77.6 25 30.1 36.1 42.5 49.2 56.2 63.3 63.4 64 64.8 65.7 66.7 67.8 69.1 80.5 80.9 81.3 81.8 82.4 24 30 33 36 84.9 92.2 70.4 71.9 83 83.7 Table 1. Seismic reflection data The Poisson's ratio of the layers from the uppermost to lowest was found to be 0.250, 0.333, and 0.270, respectively. The relationship between Poisson's ratio, v, and P (Vp) and S-wave (Vs) velocity is given by: y = · 2 2 2 -2 Assuming the speeds are constant throughout each layer: (a) Calculate the P-wave angle of incident (is) required in the first layer that will result in a P-wave critical angle of incident (ic) at the interface between the second and third layers. [15 marks] (b) Draw a diagram showing all the waves produced when this P-wave with is interacts at the boundaries between first and second layers, and second and third layers. (5 marks] (c) Considering only the first and second layers, calculate the resultant angles from the incident P-waves (that was calculated in part (a)). ireident is ip [5 marks]

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN:9780134746241
Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1LR
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Seismic reflection data was collected over a horizontal strata. The data is shown in table 1. Offset x (m) Reflection 1 (ms) 21.4 Reflection 2 (ms) 62.3 Reflection 3 (ms) 79.4 3 6 9 12 62.5 62.9 79.5 79.6 79.9 80.1 27 15 18 21 70.4 77.6 25 30.1 36.1 42.5 49.2 56.2 63.3 63.4 64 64.8 65.7 66.7 67.8 69.1 80.5 80.9 81.3 81.8 82.4 24 30 33 36 84.9 92.2 70.4 71.9 83 83.7 Table 1. Seismic reflection data The Poisson's ratio of the layers from the uppermost to lowest was found to be 0.250, 0.333, and 0.270, respectively. The relationship between Poisson's ratio, v, and P (Vp) and S-wave (Vs) velocity is given by: y = · 2 2 2 -2 Assuming the speeds are constant throughout each layer: (a) Calculate the P-wave angle of incident (is) required in the first layer that will result in a P-wave critical angle of incident (ic) at the interface between the second and third layers. [15 marks] (b) Draw a diagram showing all the waves produced when this P-wave with is interacts at the boundaries between first and second layers, and second and third layers. (5 marks] (c) Considering only the first and second layers, calculate the resultant angles from the incident P-waves (that was calculated in part (a)). ireident is ip [5 marks]
Transcribed Image Text:Seismic reflection data was collected over a horizontal strata. The data is shown in table 1. Offset x (m) Reflection 1 (ms) 21.4 Reflection 2 (ms) 62.3 Reflection 3 (ms) 79.4 3 6 9 12 62.5 62.9 79.5 79.6 79.9 80.1 27 15 18 21 70.4 77.6 25 30.1 36.1 42.5 49.2 56.2 63.3 63.4 64 64.8 65.7 66.7 67.8 69.1 80.5 80.9 81.3 81.8 82.4 24 30 33 36 84.9 92.2 70.4 71.9 83 83.7 Table 1. Seismic reflection data The Poisson's ratio of the layers from the uppermost to lowest was found to be 0.250, 0.333, and 0.270, respectively. The relationship between Poisson's ratio, v, and P (Vp) and S-wave (Vs) velocity is given by: y = · 2 2 2 -2 Assuming the speeds are constant throughout each layer: (a) Calculate the P-wave angle of incident (is) required in the first layer that will result in a P-wave critical angle of incident (ic) at the interface between the second and third layers. [15 marks] (b) Draw a diagram showing all the waves produced when this P-wave with is interacts at the boundaries between first and second layers, and second and third layers. (5 marks] (c) Considering only the first and second layers, calculate the resultant angles from the incident P-waves (that was calculated in part (a)). ireident is ip [5 marks]
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