See Figure 7-4 Which form of glucose can have all of its substituents in the equatorial position? a В open chain None of them. There is always at least one group in the axial position.
See Figure 7-4 Which form of glucose can have all of its substituents in the equatorial position? a В open chain None of them. There is always at least one group in the axial position.
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
Related questions
Question

Transcribed Image Text:**Figure 7-4: Glucose Structures**
This figure illustrates the structural variations of glucose, highlighting the cyclical and open chain forms.
1. **α-glucose:**
- Depicted on the left, this cyclic form features a pyranose ring structure.
- Hydroxyl groups (OH) are attached at positions 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.
- The hydroxyl group at position 1 is positioned below the plane of the ring, distinguishing it as alpha.
2. **Open Chain:**
- Shown in the center, this is the acyclic form of glucose.
- It features an aldehyde group at the top, with hydroxyl groups along the carbon chain.
- The open chain allows for conversion between the alpha and beta forms under equilibrium conditions.
3. **β-glucose:**
- Illustrated on the right, another cyclic pyranose form.
- Similar to α-glucose, hydroxyl groups are present at positions 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.
- The hydroxyl group at position 1 is positioned above the plane of the ring, identifying it as beta.
These structures demonstrate the dynamic nature of glucose, as it can interchange between open and ring forms, a key property in biochemical processes.

Transcribed Image Text:**Question:** Which form of glucose can have all of its substituents in the equatorial position?
**Options:**
- ○ α
- ○ β
- ○ open chain
- ● None of them. There is always at least one group in the axial position.
**Explanation:**
This question relates to the stereochemistry of glucose in its cyclic and open chain forms. In cyclohexane structures, substituents can adopt two positions: equatorial or axial. The question implies that in any cyclic form of glucose (α or β), there will always be at least one substituent group in the axial position, thus the correct answer is, "None of them. There is always at least one group in the axial position."
Expert Solution

Step 1: Conformations of glucose
Different conformations of glucose arise in a system due to the difference in the relative positions of the substituents.
The cyclic structures of glucose have a six-membered cyclic system. The most stable conformation of a cyclohexane ring system is the chair conformation. Each C atom in a chair form is capable of forming two other bonds. One is present perpendicular to the plane which is called the axial substituent and the other is called the equatorial substituent.
Step by step
Solved in 3 steps with 1 images

Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Recommended textbooks for you

Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305957404
Author:
Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:
Cengage Learning

Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781259911156
Author:
Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby Professor
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education

Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305577213
Author:
Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch
Publisher:
Cengage Learning

Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305957404
Author:
Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:
Cengage Learning

Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781259911156
Author:
Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby Professor
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education

Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305577213
Author:
Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch
Publisher:
Cengage Learning

Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9780078021558
Author:
Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education

Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305079373
Author:
William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
Publisher:
Cengage Learning

Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781118431221
Author:
Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. Bullard
Publisher:
WILEY