Section 4.3 and 4.4 Control Volume and System Representations and the Reynolds Transport Theorem 4.32 Water flows through a duct of square cross section as shown in Fig. P4.32 with a constant, uniform velocity of V = 20 m/s. Consider fluid particles that lie along line A-B at time t = 0. De- termine the position of these particles, denoted by line A'-B', when = 0.20 s. Use the volume of fluid in the region between lines A-B and A'-B' to determine the flowrate in the duct. Re- peat the problem for fluid particles originally along line C-D and along line E-F. Compare your three answers. V-20 m/s A A' C 45° E 0.5 m

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Design of structures using FEA

An arrangement, in which various members are interconnected with their constrained relative motion, the whole arrangement is then known as a structure. The degree of freedom of such a structure is zero. In such a structure, the load can act throughout the length of the structure or at the joints.