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Results Table 2 Metal Actual reduction Percent error between your Reduction potential in descending order from most (+) to most (-) reordered from the last column in Results Table 1. (Don't potential of each metal from the measured reduction voltage (column #1) and the actual reduction textbook (Zumdahl, 6th ed. voltage (column # 3). (Cu p 833)* forget to insert Cu at the +0.34 V position in this table) will, of course, have a 0% error)** * Be careful to chose the proper half reactions. These involve the metal and the ions listed in the materials section on page L-1. **Students in the past have found that iron gives the largest percent error. It turns out that the "iron" we are using is really mild steel and is alloyed with other metals, so a large error is to be expected. We have not found a source of pure iron at this time. Is the order of the metals in Results Table 2 the same as that in the table of Standard Reduction Potentials on p 833 in Zumdahl's text? Yes No (circle one) If you circled No, check all your calculations. The order should come out the same as in the standard table.

Results Table 2 Metal Actual reduction Percent error between your Reduction potential in descending order from most (+) to most (-) reordered from the last column in Results Table 1. (Don't potential of each metal from the measured reduction voltage (column #1) and the actual reduction textbook (Zumdahl, 6th ed. voltage (column # 3). (Cu p 833)* forget to insert Cu at the +0.34 V position in this table) will, of course, have a 0% error)** * Be careful to chose the proper half reactions. These involve the metal and the ions listed in the materials section on page L-1. **Students in the past have found that iron gives the largest percent error. It turns out that the "iron" we are using is really mild steel and is alloyed with other metals, so a large error is to be expected. We have not found a source of pure iron at this time. Is the order of the metals in Results Table 2 the same as that in the table of Standard Reduction Potentials on p 833 in Zumdahl's text? Yes No (circle one) If you circled No, check all your calculations. The order should come out the same as in the standard table.

Fundamentals Of Analytical Chemistry
Fundamentals Of Analytical Chemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781285640686
Author:Skoog
Publisher:Skoog
Chapter21: Potentiometry
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 21.16QAP
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Metal Metal Half reaction that goes Half reaction that goes as at the at the as a reduction (this is (+) Voltaie Measured Volt age (V) an oxidation (this is for the Cell (metals used) () for the metal at the (+) metal at the (-) terminal) Termi Termi terminal) nal nal #1 #2 # 3 Cu^2+(aq) + 2e. - Zn(s) - Zn^2+(aq) + 2e- Cu(s) Cu - Zn 0.881 0.864 0.850 Cu Zn Cu^2+(aq) + 2e- Pb(s) - Pb^2+(aq) + 20- Cu(s) Cu - Pb 0.486 0.489 0.495 Cu Pb Cu - Ag -0.420 -0.415 -0.407 2Ag^+(aq)+ 2e- 2Ag(s) Cu(s) – Cu^2+(aq) + Ag Cu 2e- Cu^2+(aq) + 2e- - Fe(s) - Cu(s) Cu - Fe 0.544 0.555 0.571 Cu Fe Fe^2+(aq) + 2e- Metal at the Metal at (+) Terminal Voltaic Cell Reduction Adjusted reduction potential of metal reacting with Cu (assumes that Cu has a reduction voltage of 0.34 Vy Average the (-) Terminal (metals used) Меаsured potential of metal reacting with Cu Voltage from the Data Table (assumes that Cu has a reduction voltage of 0.00 V) (V) Cu - Zn 0.865 Cu Zn -0.865 -0.525 Cu - Pb 0.49 Cu Pb -0.49 -0.150 Cu - Ag -0.414 Ag Cu 0.414 0.754 Cu - Fe 0.556 Cu Fe -0.556 -0.216 Footnote #1: If Cu is the (+) terminal and the other metal (M) is the (-) terminal, the Cu is going as a reduction and M is going as an oxidation. By definition, the reduction potential of M is (-). If Cu is (-) and M is (+), then Cu is going as an oxidation and other metal is going as a reduction. By definition, the reduction potential of M is (+). Essentially, this means that the sign of each voltage in the first column is to be reversed when entered in this column. Footnote #2: In the previous column, Cu was arbitrarily assigned a voltage of 0.00 V. However, the actual standard reduction potential of Cu is 0.34 V. Thus, to convert the reduction potential in the previous column to actual reduction potentials, add 0.34 V to each entry. Results Table 2 Metal Actual reduction Percent error between your Reduction potential in descending order from most (+) to most (-) reordered from the last column in potential of each metal from the textbook (Zumdahl, 6th ed. voltage (column # 3). (Cu p 833)* measured reduction voltage (column #1) and the actual reduction Results Table 1. (Don't forget to insert Cu at the +0.34 V position in this will, of course, have a 0% error)** table) * Be careful to chose the proper half reactions. These involve the metal and the ions listed in the materials section on page L-1. **Students in the past have found that iron gives the largest percent error. It turns out that the "iron" we are using is really mild steel and is alloyed with other metals, so a large error is to be expected. We have not found a source of pure iron at this time. Is the order of the metals in Results Table 2 the same as that in the table of Standard Reduction Potentials on p 833 in Zumdahl's text? Yes No (circle one) If you circled No, check all your calculations. The order should come out the same as in the standard table. | |き
Transcribed Image Text:Metal Metal Half reaction that goes Half reaction that goes as at the at the as a reduction (this is (+) Voltaie Measured Volt age (V) an oxidation (this is for the Cell (metals used) () for the metal at the (+) metal at the (-) terminal) Termi Termi terminal) nal nal #1 #2 # 3 Cu^2+(aq) + 2e. - Zn(s) - Zn^2+(aq) + 2e- Cu(s) Cu - Zn 0.881 0.864 0.850 Cu Zn Cu^2+(aq) + 2e- Pb(s) - Pb^2+(aq) + 20- Cu(s) Cu - Pb 0.486 0.489 0.495 Cu Pb Cu - Ag -0.420 -0.415 -0.407 2Ag^+(aq)+ 2e- 2Ag(s) Cu(s) – Cu^2+(aq) + Ag Cu 2e- Cu^2+(aq) + 2e- - Fe(s) - Cu(s) Cu - Fe 0.544 0.555 0.571 Cu Fe Fe^2+(aq) + 2e- Metal at the Metal at (+) Terminal Voltaic Cell Reduction Adjusted reduction potential of metal reacting with Cu (assumes that Cu has a reduction voltage of 0.34 Vy Average the (-) Terminal (metals used) Меаsured potential of metal reacting with Cu Voltage from the Data Table (assumes that Cu has a reduction voltage of 0.00 V) (V) Cu - Zn 0.865 Cu Zn -0.865 -0.525 Cu - Pb 0.49 Cu Pb -0.49 -0.150 Cu - Ag -0.414 Ag Cu 0.414 0.754 Cu - Fe 0.556 Cu Fe -0.556 -0.216 Footnote #1: If Cu is the (+) terminal and the other metal (M) is the (-) terminal, the Cu is going as a reduction and M is going as an oxidation. By definition, the reduction potential of M is (-). If Cu is (-) and M is (+), then Cu is going as an oxidation and other metal is going as a reduction. By definition, the reduction potential of M is (+). Essentially, this means that the sign of each voltage in the first column is to be reversed when entered in this column. Footnote #2: In the previous column, Cu was arbitrarily assigned a voltage of 0.00 V. However, the actual standard reduction potential of Cu is 0.34 V. Thus, to convert the reduction potential in the previous column to actual reduction potentials, add 0.34 V to each entry. Results Table 2 Metal Actual reduction Percent error between your Reduction potential in descending order from most (+) to most (-) reordered from the last column in potential of each metal from the textbook (Zumdahl, 6th ed. voltage (column # 3). (Cu p 833)* measured reduction voltage (column #1) and the actual reduction Results Table 1. (Don't forget to insert Cu at the +0.34 V position in this will, of course, have a 0% error)** table) * Be careful to chose the proper half reactions. These involve the metal and the ions listed in the materials section on page L-1. **Students in the past have found that iron gives the largest percent error. It turns out that the "iron" we are using is really mild steel and is alloyed with other metals, so a large error is to be expected. We have not found a source of pure iron at this time. Is the order of the metals in Results Table 2 the same as that in the table of Standard Reduction Potentials on p 833 in Zumdahl's text? Yes No (circle one) If you circled No, check all your calculations. The order should come out the same as in the standard table. | |き
F2(g) + 2e- 2F (aq) +2.87 0,(g) + 2H*(aq) + 2e O2(g) + H,O(1) Co (aq) + e H2O2(aq) + 2H*(aq) + 2e 2H,0(1) PbO2(s) + 4H (aq) + SO (aq) + 2e PBSO (s) + 2H,0(1) Ce*(aq) + e +2.07 Co*(aq) +1.82 +1.77 +1.70 Ce (aq) +1.61 Mn (aq) + 4H,O(1) MnO(aq) + 8H*(aq) + 5e Au (aq) + 3e +1.51 Au(s) +1.50 Cl,(g) + 2e - 2CI (ag) +1.36 2Cr (aq) + 7H2O(1) Mn (aq) + 2H,O() Cr.0 (aq) + 14H*(aq) + 6e +1.33 MnO2(s) + 4H*(aq) + 2e +1.23 0:(g) + 4H*(aq) + 4e 2H,O() +1.23 Br(1) + 2e - 2Br (aq) +1.07 NO (aq) + 4H*(aq) + 3e NO(g) + 2H,0(1) 2Hgt(aq) + 2e Hg*(aq) + 2e +0,96 Hg? (aq) +0.92 2Hg(l) +0.85 Ag*(aq) +e Ag(s) +0.80 Fe (aq) + e + Fe*(aq) +0.77 (bp)*O°H• MnO,(s) +40H (aq) 0,(g) + 2H*(aq) + 2e +0.68 MnO (aq) + 2H,O(1) + 3e +0.59 L(s) + 2e - 21 (aq) +0,53 0,(g) + 2H,0(1) + 4e Cu*(aq) + 2e 40H (aq) +0.40 Cu(s) +0.34 AgCl(s) +e Ag(s) + CI (aq) +0.22 so (aq) + 4H*(aq) + 2e SO,(g) + 2H,0(1) Cu"(aq) + e +0.20 Cu*(aq) Sn*(aq) +0.15 Sn*(aq) + 2e +0.13 2H*(aq) + 2e Pb*(aq) + 2e Sn*(aq) + 2e Ni"(ag) + 2e H(g) 0.00 Pb(s) -0.13 -Sn(s) -0.14 Ni(s) -0.25 Co*(aq) + 2e Co(s) -0.28 PbSO,(s) + 2e Pb(s) + So (aq) -0.31 Cd**(aq) + 2e Fe*(aq) + 2e Cr*(aq) + 3e Cd(s) -0.40 Fe(s) -0.44 Cr(s) -0.74 Zn* (aq) + 2e 2H O(1) + 2e Mn (aq) + 2e Zn(s) -0.76 H2(g) + 20H (aq) -0.83 Mn(s) -1.18 Al*(aq) + 3e Be (aq) + 2e Mg (aq) + 2e Al(s) -1.66 Be(s) -1.85 Mg(s) -2.37 Na*(aq) + e + Na(s) -2.71 Ca*(aq) + 2e Sr*(aq) + 2e Ba (aq) + 2e Ca(s) olle -2.87 Sr(s) -2.89 Ba(s) -2.90 K*(ag) + e K(s) -2.93 Increasing strength as ox idizing agent Increasing strength as reducing agent
Transcribed Image Text:F2(g) + 2e- 2F (aq) +2.87 0,(g) + 2H*(aq) + 2e O2(g) + H,O(1) Co (aq) + e H2O2(aq) + 2H*(aq) + 2e 2H,0(1) PbO2(s) + 4H (aq) + SO (aq) + 2e PBSO (s) + 2H,0(1) Ce*(aq) + e +2.07 Co*(aq) +1.82 +1.77 +1.70 Ce (aq) +1.61 Mn (aq) + 4H,O(1) MnO(aq) + 8H*(aq) + 5e Au (aq) + 3e +1.51 Au(s) +1.50 Cl,(g) + 2e - 2CI (ag) +1.36 2Cr (aq) + 7H2O(1) Mn (aq) + 2H,O() Cr.0 (aq) + 14H*(aq) + 6e +1.33 MnO2(s) + 4H*(aq) + 2e +1.23 0:(g) + 4H*(aq) + 4e 2H,O() +1.23 Br(1) + 2e - 2Br (aq) +1.07 NO (aq) + 4H*(aq) + 3e NO(g) + 2H,0(1) 2Hgt(aq) + 2e Hg*(aq) + 2e +0,96 Hg? (aq) +0.92 2Hg(l) +0.85 Ag*(aq) +e Ag(s) +0.80 Fe (aq) + e + Fe*(aq) +0.77 (bp)*O°H• MnO,(s) +40H (aq) 0,(g) + 2H*(aq) + 2e +0.68 MnO (aq) + 2H,O(1) + 3e +0.59 L(s) + 2e - 21 (aq) +0,53 0,(g) + 2H,0(1) + 4e Cu*(aq) + 2e 40H (aq) +0.40 Cu(s) +0.34 AgCl(s) +e Ag(s) + CI (aq) +0.22 so (aq) + 4H*(aq) + 2e SO,(g) + 2H,0(1) Cu"(aq) + e +0.20 Cu*(aq) Sn*(aq) +0.15 Sn*(aq) + 2e +0.13 2H*(aq) + 2e Pb*(aq) + 2e Sn*(aq) + 2e Ni"(ag) + 2e H(g) 0.00 Pb(s) -0.13 -Sn(s) -0.14 Ni(s) -0.25 Co*(aq) + 2e Co(s) -0.28 PbSO,(s) + 2e Pb(s) + So (aq) -0.31 Cd**(aq) + 2e Fe*(aq) + 2e Cr*(aq) + 3e Cd(s) -0.40 Fe(s) -0.44 Cr(s) -0.74 Zn* (aq) + 2e 2H O(1) + 2e Mn (aq) + 2e Zn(s) -0.76 H2(g) + 20H (aq) -0.83 Mn(s) -1.18 Al*(aq) + 3e Be (aq) + 2e Mg (aq) + 2e Al(s) -1.66 Be(s) -1.85 Mg(s) -2.37 Na*(aq) + e + Na(s) -2.71 Ca*(aq) + 2e Sr*(aq) + 2e Ba (aq) + 2e Ca(s) olle -2.87 Sr(s) -2.89 Ba(s) -2.90 K*(ag) + e K(s) -2.93 Increasing strength as ox idizing agent Increasing strength as reducing agent
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